EFFECT OF BRASSINOLIDE ON SOME GROWTH TRAITS AND BIOLOGICAL YIELD OF BREAD WHEAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i2.1539Keywords:
soaking, foliar application, growth regulation, growth.Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, Dept. of Field Crop, Coll. of Agriculture of Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadiriya, Iraq during the winter seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, to study the effect of brassinolide on some vegetative growth traits of the bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. variety Rasheed by determining the best soaking periods and the spraying stage to production efficiency. A split plot arrangements were carried out according to RCBD design with three replicates, where the main plots contained three soaking periods of brassinolide (concentration 1 mg L-1 ) 6,12,18 hours, as well as comparison of 18hour distilled water and dry seeds. While the sub plots contained three spraying stages the same of brassinolide concentration (S1: tillering + elongation stage, S2: booting + 100% anthesis stage, S3:100% anthesis + grain formation stage) and tap water was sprayed on plants as control treatment. The results showed that soaking wheat seeds with 12 hours of brassinolide gave highest means for growth traits and biological yield 13.76 and 13.90 Mg ha-1 for both seasons. In addition, the results showed that the spraying stage (tillering + elongation) recorded highest averages in the studies traits above for the both seasons. The interaction between two factors was significant in most studied traits. Therefore we recommend soaking of wheat seeds 12 hour with brassinolide and sprayed with the stage of )tillering + elongation( to obtain the highest vegetative growth and biological yield.
References
Ali, H., N. Iqbal., A. N. Shahzad., N. Sarwar., S. Ahmed and A. Mohmood. 2013. Seed priming improves irrigation water use efficiency, yield, and yield components of late-sown wheat under limited water conditions. Turkish J. Agri. Forestry. 37(5):534-544
Anonymous.2010.Food Outlook, Global Market Analysis, GIEWS, Global Information and Early Warning System Food and Agriculture.pp.200
Chakma,N.2014.Influence of seed priming on emergence and yield of wheat. M.S thesis. Sher-e-Bangla Agric. Univ, Dhaka. pp:93
Clouse, S. D and Sasse. J. M. 1998.. Brassinosteroids: Essential Regulators of Plant Growth and Development. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol.49:427-451
Divi, U. K and P. Krshna. 2009. Brassinosteroid biotechnological target for enhancing crop yield and stress tolerance. New Biotechnology Elsevier.26:131-136
Eleiwa, M., S. O. Bafeel and S. A. Ibrahim.2011.Influence of brassinosteroids on wheat plant production under salinity conditions. I - Growth parameters and photosynthetic pigments. Australian J. of Basic and Applied Sci.5(5):58-65
El-Feky, S.S and S.A. Abo-Hamad. 2014.Effect of exogenous application of brassinolide on growth and metabolic activity of wheat seedlings under normal and stress conditions. Annual Res. And Review in Biology.4(24):3687-3698
Goodwin, T. W. 1976. Chemistry and Biochemistray of plant pigment.2nd Academic. Press. London. New York. San Francisco. pp:373.
Haghighi, P., D. Habibi and B. Sani. 2014. Wheat response to plant growth promoting rhizobacteria humic acid and sn-brassinolide. Inter. J. of Biosciences.5(10):51-60
Honnerová, J., O. Rothová., D. Holá., M, Kočová., L. Kohout and M.Kvasnica.2010.The exogenous application of brassinosteroids to Zea mays L. stressed by long –term chilling does not affect the activities of photosystem 1 or 2.J.Plant Growth Regul.29:500-505
Hunt , R . 1982. Plant Growth Curves: the Functional Approach to Plant Growth Analysis . London ,Edward Arnold.pp:284
Jaddoa, K.A and H. M. Salih.2013. Fertilization of Wheat Crop. Ministry of Agriculture. Heuristic Prospectus. pp:12.
McDonald, M.B.2000.Seed priming. In: M. Black and J. D. Bewley (edrs.). Seed Technology and Biological Basis. Sheffield Academic Press. England. Chapter 9.pp:287-325
Nasralla, A.Y.,H. S. M. Khierallah and S.I.Neamah.2015.Effect of some plant growth regulators in field characteristics and production of anti-oxidants from buckwheat leaves. Iraqi J. of Agric. Sci.46(5):694-682.
Nosrati, S., D. E. Asli and M. G. Zanjan. 2013. Grain filling pattern by measurement of Indolyl-3-acetic acid, Gibberellin and cytokinin content in the grains. Inter. J. of Farming and Allied Sci.2(24):1134-1140
Sairam, R. K. 1994. Effects of homobrassinolide application on plant metabolism and grain yield under irrigated and moisture-stress conditions of two wheat varieties. Plant Growth Regulation 14:173-181
Safi, S.M.A and M.H.K.Al-Baldawi.2015.Effect of some plant growth regulator and water irrigation quality on growth and quality characters of wheat. Iraqi J. of Agric. Sci. 46(3):312-321.
Sajjad, Y., M. J. Jaskani., M. Asif and M.Qasim.2017. Application of plant growth regulators in ornamental plants: A review. Pak. J. Agri. Sci. 54(2):327-333.
Smith, C. and Wayne. 1995. Crop Production. John Wiley and Sons.pp:60-62
Steel, R. G.D and J. H. Torrie. 1980. Principles and Procedures, In: Statistics. A Biometrical Approach. 2nd ed. McGraw Hill Book Co., NY, USA.P: 485.
Thomas,T.C.1975.Visual quantification of wheat development. Argon.J.65:116-119
Ulfat, A., S. A. Majid and A. Hameed. 2017. Hormonal seed priming improves wheat field performance under drought and non-stress conditions. Pak. J. Bot. 49(4): 1239-1253
Wroblewska, K and R. Debicz. 2013. Influence of time of benzyl adenine application on rooting of cuttings and subsequent development of Portulaca umbraticola kunth. Acta Sci. Pol.12:89-99.
Zadoks, J. C., T. T. Chang and C. F. Konzak.1974.A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals.Weed Res.14:415-421
Zhang, C., K. Tanabe., F. Tamura., A. Itai and M. Yoshida .2007.Roles of gibberellins in increasing sink demand in Japanese pear fruit during rapid fruit growth. Plant Growth Regulation.52(2):161-172.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
2.jpg)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-5906 2.jpg)
