EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FEEDING LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF PEKIN DUCKS IN KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/0rj7eq31Keywords:
body weight, carcass, profit, ration, weight gain, birdsAbstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of different feeding levels of Alfalfa pellet ration (APR) on the productive performance and economic feasibility of Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). A total of 270 one-day-old ducklings were used. The birds at seven-day-old were assigned to 9 indoor pens of (1×2.2m) with outdoor and swimming pool (1×9.8m) and Each box represented an indoor replicate with 30 ducklings. The feeding program for Pekin Duck group treatments with alfalfa pellet rations (47% alfalfa) was used as a replacement to the basal diet at different percentages (0%, 25%, and 50%) for control (T0), first (T1) and second (T2) groups. The results showed no significant differences among treatments except accumulative feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and mortality percentage, which showed significant differences among the treatments, the second treatment (50%) resulted in a higher accumulative feed intake, lower production index, and lower mortality% compared to the control and first treatment. The economic profit of the second treatment was the highest. The treatments showed a non-significant effect on carcass percentage except back and neck cuts. There were significant effects of sex on live body weight at marketing age and on the neck and breast cuts, male neck% were significantly higher than females, while females showed significantly higher breast%. In general, feeding ducks with a 25% of Alfalfa pellet ration improved production performance, while feeding ducks with a 50% Alfalfa pellet ration improved economic values.
References
1. Adzitey, F, and S. P. Adzitey, 2011. Duck production: Has a potential to reduce poverty among rural households in Asian communities– A review. J. World's Poult. Res.; 1(1): 7–10.
2. Ahmad, J. and J. M. Sharma, 1992. Evaluation of a modified-live virus vaccine administrated in ovo to protect chicken against Newcastle disease. Am. J. vet. Res., 53:1999-2004.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.11.1999
3. AL-Ghabban, A. J. SH. and D. H., AL-Hassani, 2020. Effect of season and sex on some productive traits of pekin duck reard intesively under Iraqi conditions. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 51(Special Issue):116-123. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v51ispecial.888
4. Apostol, Livia, Sorin Iorga, Claudia Mosoiu, Radu Ciprian Racovita, Oana Mihaela Niculae, and Gabriela Vlasceanu, 2017. Alfalfa concentrate – a rich source of nutrients for use in food products. Journal of International Scientific Publications, Volume 5: 66-73.
https://www.scientific publications.net/en/article/1001395/
5. Duncan, D. B., 1955. Multiple Range Test and Multiple F Tests. Biometrics .11: 1-42.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3001478
6. Hassan, A. M. Fardos, M. Elshimaa Roushdy, W. Asmaa Zaglool, A. Mohammed Ali, E. Iman and El-Araby, 2018. Growth performance, carcass traits and economic values of pekin, muscovy, and mulard ducks. Slov Vet Res.; 55 (Suppl 20): 357–65.
https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-663-2018
7. Ibrahim, K. I., 2000. Poultry feed. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research-University of Mosul. 2nd edi.
8. Jiang, J. F., X. M. Song, X. Huang, W. D. Zhou, J. L. Wu, Z. G. Zhu, H. C. Zheng and Y. Q. Jiang., 2012. Effects of alfalfa meal on growth performance and gastrointestinal tract development of growing ducks. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 25(10): 1445 – 1450.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2012.12190
9. Kokoszynski, D, R Wasilewski, K Stęczny, Z Bernacki, K Kaczmarek, M. Saleh, P.D. Wasilewski, and M. Biegniewska, 2015. Comparison of growth performance and meat traits in Pekin ducks from different genotypes. Europ Poult Sci. 110:1–11.
https://doi.org/10.1399/eps.2015.110
10. Kokoszynski, D.,1 R. Wasilewski, K. St eczny, M. Kotowicz, C. Hrnˇcar, and H. Arp´aˇsov, 2019. Carcass composition and selected meat quality traits of Pekin ducks from genetic resources flocks. Poultry Science, 98:3029–3039.
https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez073
11. Martins, J.M.S., C.M.C. Carvalho, F.H. Litz, M.M. Silveira, C.A. Moraes, M.C.A. Silva, N.S. Fagundes, and E.A. Fernandes, 2016. Productive and economic performance of broiler chickens subjected to different nutritional plans. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 18(2):209-216.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0037
12. Murray, R. K., D. Granner, P. A. Mayes, and V. W. dan Rodwell, 2003. Biokimia Harper, 25th ed., Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, Jakarta.
13. Mustafa, H. A. and S. Y. T. AL-Sardary, 2019. Consequences of new approach in production system of local kurdish slow-growing broilers. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 50 (6):1533-1541. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v50i6.841
14. Naji, S. A., 2006. Commercial broiler production manual. Brochure No (12). Iraqi poultry producer association.
15. NRC, 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th rev. ed. Washington, DC: Natl. Acad. Press vol 74.
16. Omojola, A. B., 2007. Carcass and organoleptic characteristics of duck meat as influenced by breed and sex Int. J. Poult. Sci. 6 329–34.
https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2007.329.334
17. Palupi, R., F. N. L. Lubis, and A. Suryani, 2022. Addition of propionic acid on nutrient digestibility and its effect on production and carcass quality of broiler. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 53(2):453-464. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i2.1553
18. Ponte, P. I. P., I. Mendes, M. Quaresma, M. N. M. Aguiar, J. P. C. Lemos, L. M. A. Ferreira, M. A. C. Soares, C. M. Alfaia, J. A. M. Prates, and C. M. G. A. Fontes, 2004. Cholesterol levels and sensory characteristics of meat from broilers consuming moderate to high levels of alfalfa. Poult. Sci., 83: 810 - 814.
https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/83.5.810
19. Rini, E.A., B. Suwignyo, E. Suryanto, Y. Erwanto, and H. Sasongko, 2019. The effect of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) supplementation on hybrid duck performance. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., 387(1): 12052.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/387/1/012052
20. Rompas, R., B. Tulung, J.S. Mandey, and M. Regar, 2016. Utilization of fermented water hyacinth (Eichhornia Cras Sipes) in duck diets on dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Zootec, 36(2): 372-378.
https://doi.org/10.35792/zot.36.2.2016.12539
21. SAS, Statistical Analysis System, 2005. User’s Guide for Personal Computer. Release 8.2 SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA. https://books.google.iq/books
22. Sen, S., H.P.S. Makkar, and K. Becke, 1998. Alfalfa Saponins and Their implication in animal nutrition. J. Agric. Food Chem., 46:131 - 140.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970389i
23. Suwignyo B., E. Suryanto, H. Sasongko, Y. Erwanto, and E. A. Rini, 2020. The Effect of fresh and hay alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) supplementation on carcass quality of hybrid duck. IOP conference series: Earth and Environmental Science 478 (IOP Publishing): 12024.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755 1315/478/1/012024
24. Suwignyo, B, A. R. Eprilia, Kh. F. Muhammad, and A. Bambang, 2021. Effects of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) supplemen-tation in the diet on the growth, small intestinal histomorphology, and digestibility of hybrid ducks. Veterinary World, vol. 14: 2719-2726.
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.2719-2726
25. Suwignyo, B, E Suryanto, S. I. N. Samur, and C. Hanim, 2021. The effect of hay alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) supplementation in different basal feed on the feed intake (FI), body weight, and feed conversion ratio of hybrid ducks. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science vol. 686 (IOP Publishing) 012039. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/686/1/012039
26. Suwignyo, B. and H. Sasongko, 2019. The effect of fresh and hay alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) supplementation on hybrid duck performance. IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., 387(1): 12085. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/387/1/012085
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
2.jpg)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-5906 2.jpg)
