EFFECT OF ADDING THE LOCAL STRAIN OF SHIITAKE MUSHROOM IN BROILER DIETS ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/88s1ey47Keywords:
Carcass traits, Food fungi, Meat chicken, Production performanceAbstract
This study was conducted in two distinct phases at the University of Baghdad's College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences at the first phase was conducted in the laboratories of the Department of Food Science and lasted six months. The second phase will be conducted from December 26, 2023, to January 30, 2024, in the poultry field, Department of Animal Production - Abu Ghraib to determine the effects of adding powdered shiitake mushrooms of the local variety to broiler feed on production efficiency. The study used 200 ROSS 308 broiler chicks sexed with an average initial weight of 45 grams at 1 day of age. There were a total of four treatments, to each of which fifty chicks were randomly assigned. Each treatment was conducted in five replicates with 10 birds each. T1, T2, T3 and T4 were the three treatments with different amounts of shiitake mushrooms in the feed: 0, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg, respectively. These were a starter, grower and finisher diet tailored to the specific needs of the birds at different points in their life cycle. The results of this study showed a significant improvement (p < 0.05) in feed conversion ratio when using 2 or 4 g/kg shiitake mushrooms in the diet for broilers. However, there were no significant differences in the dressing percentages and major cuts of the carcass.
Received: 25/8/2024
Accepted: 10/11/2024
Published: 31/7/2026
References
Adaszyńska-Skwirzyńska, M. & D. Szczerbińska. 2017. Use of essential oils in broiler chicken production–a review. Annals of Animal Science 17 317-35. https://doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2016-0046 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2016-0046
Ajanal, M., M. B. Gundkalle & S. U. Nayak.2012. Estimation of total alkaloid in chitrakadivati by uv-spectrophotometer. Ancient science of life 31 198-201. https://doi.org/10.4103/0257-7941.107361 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0257-7941.107361
Al-Azzawi, R. R. A. & L. K. Bandr.2023. Effect of adding lion’s mane (hericium erinaceus) and reishi mushroom (ganoderma lucidum) to broiler diets on the productive performance. In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science: IOP Publishing) p 072034.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/7/072034 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/7/072034
Biesek, J., J. Kuźniacka, M. Banaszak & M. Adamski.2020. The quality of carcass and meat from geese fed diets with or without soybean meal. Animals 10 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020200 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020200
Chang, S. T. 1999. World production of cultivated edible and medicinal mushrooms in 1997 with emphasis on lentinus edodes (berk.) sing, in china. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 1https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v1.i4.10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v1.i4.10
Chang ShuTing, C. S. & P. Miles.2004. Mushrooms: Cultivation, nutritional value, medicinal effect and environmental impact. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203492086 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203492086
Citores, L., S. Ragucci, R. Russo, C. C. Gay, A. Chambery, A. Di Maro, R. Iglesias & J. M. Ferreras. 2023. Structural and functional characterization of the cytotoxic protein ledodin, an atypical ribosome‐inactivating protein from shiitake mushroom (lentinula edodes). Protein Science 32 e4621. https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.4621 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.4621
Duncan, D. B.1955. Multiple range and multiple f tests. biometrics 11 1-42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478
Heleno, S. A., L. Barros, M. J. Sousa, A. Martins & I. C. Ferreira. 2010. Tocopherols composition of portuguese wild mushrooms with antioxidant capacity. Food Chemistry 119 1443-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.025
Jensen, T. L.1995. Official methods board. Journal of AOAC International 78 238-41. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.1.238 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.1.238
Kidd, M., C. Maynard and G. Mullenix. 2021. Progress of amino acid nutrition for diet protein reduction in poultry. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 12 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00568-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00568-0
Kidd, M. T., F. Poernama, T. Wibowo, C. Maynard & S. Liu.2021. Dietary branched-chain amino acid assessment in broilers from 22 to 35 days of age. Journal of animal science and biotechnology 12 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-020-00535-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-020-00535-1
Kumar, N. & N. Goel.2019. Phenolic acids: Natural versatile molecules with promising therapeutic applications.Biotechnology reports 24 e00370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00370 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00370
Kwon, B.-Y., J. Park, D.-H. Kim & K.-W. Lee. 2024. Assessment of welfare problems in broilers: Focus on musculoskeletal problems associated with their rapid growth. Animals 14 1116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071116 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14071116
Lacy, M. P. 2002. Commercial chicken meat and egg production: Springer) pp 829-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0811-3_43 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0811-3_43
Levine, G. 2013. A guide to spss for analysis of variance: Psychology Press). chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://opac.feb.uinjkt.ac.id/repository/30ee61e73dad93d1bb800b7286793ed8.pdf
Lipiński, K., M. Mazur, Z. Antoszkiewicz & C. Purwin.2017. Polyphenols in monogastric nutrition–a review. Annals of Animal Science 17 41-58.
https://doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2016-0042 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2016-0042
Maynard, C. W., M. T. Kidd, P. V. Chrystal, L. R. McQuade, B. V. McInerney, P. H. Selle & S. Y. Liu. 2022. Assessment of limiting dietary amino acids in broiler chickens offered reduced crude protein diets. Animal Nutrition 10 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2021.11.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2021.11.010
Nogueira, B. R. F., N. K. Sakomura, M. d. P. Reis, B. B. Leme, M. P. Létourneau-Montminy & G. d. S. Viana.2021. Modelling broiler requirements for lysine and arginine. Animals 11 2914. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102914 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11102914
Ribeiro, M., L. Bittencourt, R. Hermes, M. Rönnau, A. Rorig, F. Lima & J. Fernandes. 2020. Mineral source and vitamin level in broiler diets: Effects on performance, yield, and meat quality. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 22 eRBCA-2017-0718. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0718 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0718
Rice, E. W., L. Bridgewater & A. P. H. Association.2012. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater vol 10: American public health association Washington, DC). https://www.standardmethods.org/doi/book/10.2105/smww.2882
Ross. 2018. Management handbook chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.rosspoultrybreeders.co.za/downloads/breeder/2018RossPSHandbook.pdf
Rubió, L., M. J. Motilva & M. P. Romero. 2013. Recent advances in biologically active compounds in herbs and spices: A review of the most effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory active principles. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 53 943-53. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2011.574802 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2011.574802
Savoie, J. M. & M. L. Largeteau. 2011. Production of edible mushrooms in forests: Trends in development of a mycosilviculture. Applied microbiology and biotechnology 89 971-9.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-3022-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-010-3022-4
Sheoran, N., R. Kumar, A. Kumar, K. Batra, S. Sihag, S. Maan & N. Maan. 2017. Nutrigenomic evaluation of garlic (allium sativum) and holy basil (ocimum sanctum) leaf powder supplementation on growth performance and immune characteristics in broilers. Veterinary world 10 121. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2017.121-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2017.121-129
Vaz, J. A., S. A. Heleno, A. Martins, G. M. Almeida, M. H. Vasconcelos & I. C. Ferreira. 2010. Wild mushrooms clitocybe alexandri and lepista inversa: In vitro antioxidant activity and growth inhibition of human tumour cell lines. Food and Chemical Toxicology 48 2881-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.07.021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.07.021
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Aya A. K. Al-Kanain, Luma K. Bandr ; Rukaibaa A. Chechan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2.jpg)
