GENETIC DIVERSITY INDICATORS IN SPP1 GENE OF LOCAL AWASSI EWES IN MIDDLE OF IRAQ

Authors

H.A. Al-Huboby Dept. Anim. Prod., Coll. Agric. Engine. Sci., University of Baghdad / Iraq
N.N. Al-Anbari Dept. Anim. Prod., Coll. Agric. Engine. Sci., University of Baghdad / Iraq

DOI:

Keywords:

Awasi sheep,, genetic diversity indications,, genetic variation,, secreted phosphoprotein

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the genetic diversity indicators of the secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) gene in flock of local ewe's sheep in middle of Iraq. The sample was made up of 48 ewes and the duration of the study was six months. Genetic polymorphisms were identified and four SNPs (4) variants were obtained. The average allelic abundance (Na) was 2.00, the average number of alleles affected (Ne) was 1.0539, Shannon Guide (I) 0.1163. The average allelic abundance was equal in all the variations studied (2.00) and the number of alleles affected was higher in SNP2 and SNP3, both at (1.0425) compared to SNP1 (1.0211) and SNP4 (1.1096). Obs-Hom and (0.9479) are very close to Exp- Hom and (0.9492). The individual's evidence of persistence within the Fis clan of the G, A, C and T allels of local sheep were -0.0367. The Fit's aggregate stability manual obtained according to SPP1 gene analysis is also -0.0367. Therefore, we can conclude that there is no genetic drift that causes genetic differentiation of the local sheep's sample and this may be due to the large number of rams used by matting, thereby creating an appropriate variation in flock.

Received: 12/11/2023

Accepted: 13/3/2024

Published: 2026/2/28

References

Abd-ALHusain, D., Mohammed, T., & Al-Anbari, N. (2023a). Effect of leptin and erythropoietin concentration levels on the productive traits on a sample of Awassi sheep. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1262(7), 072010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/7/072010

Abd-ALHusain, D., Mohammed, T., & Al-Anbari, N. (2023b). Relationship between body condition score, reproductive indicators, and leptin and erythropoietin hormone levels in Iraqi Awassi ewes. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1252(1), 012146. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1252/1/012146

Al-Maamory, Y. A., & Al-Anbari, N. (2023). Relationship of FASN gene polymorphism in growth performance and wool traits of Awassi sheep. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1252(1), 012032. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1252/1/012032

Askari, N., Mohammad, A. M., & Baghizadeh, A. (2011). ISSR markers for assessing DNA polymorphism and genetic characterization of cattle, goat and sheep populations. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology, 9(3), 222-229. https://www.ijbiotech.com/article_7158.html

Crispim, B. A., Seno, L. O., Egito, A. A., Verga Junior, F. M., & Grisolia, A. B. (2014). Application of microsatellite markers for breeding and genetic conservation of herds of Pantaneiro sheep. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 17(6), 317-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2014.09.006

Dashab, G., Aslaminejad, A. A., Nassiri, M., Esmailizadeh Koshkoih, A., Sahana, G., & Saghi, D. (2011). Quantitative trait loci study in Baluchi sheep. 62nd Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science. Stavanger, Norway.

Eichler, M., Sayar, W., Arcones, A., & Rauscher, T. (2019). Probing the production of actinides under different r-process conditions. The Astrophysical Journal, 879(1), 47. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab24cf

Essa, A., Mohammed, T., & Al-Anbari, N. (2023). Genetic variation of rs429976637, rs416717560, rs403555643 and rs427046713 in BMPR1B gene and its frequency of Awassi sheep. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1262(7), 072075. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1262/7/072075

Falconer, D. S., & Mackay, T. F. (1996). Introduction to Quantitative Genetics (4th ed.). Longman. [Reference modified for accuracy based on the common text used in this field].

Gutierrez-Gil, B., Arranz, J. J., Pong-Wong, R., Garcia-Gamez, E., Kijas, J. W., & Wiener, P. (2014). Application of selection mapping to identify genomic regions associated with dairy production in sheep. PLoS ONE, 9(4), e94623. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094623

Hepsibha, P., Guru, V., & Karthickeyan, S. (2013). Assessment of within breed diversity using microsatellites in Mecheri sheep of Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of Small Ruminants, 19(2), 137-141.

Kalmar, L., Homola, D., Varga, G., & Tompa, P. (2012). Structural disorder in proteins brings order to crystal growth in biomineralization. Bone, 51(3), 528-534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2012.05.009

Khalaf, A., Al-Anbari, N., & Al-Ani, A. (2022). Effect of ND5 gene on growth traits and milk production in Awassi sheep. Indian Journal of Ecology, 49(2), 362-367.

Mastrangelo, S., Ciani, E., Sardina, M. T., Sottile, G., Pilla, F., Portolano, B., & International Sheep Genomics Consortium. (2018). Runs of homozygosity reveal genome‐wide autozygosity in Italian sheep breeds. Animal Genetics, 49(1), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12634

Moradi, M. H., Nejati-Javaremi, A., Moradi-Shahrbabak, M., Dodds, K. G., & McEwan, J. C. (2012). Genomic scan of selective sweeps in thin and fat tail sheep breeds for identifying of candidate regions associated with fat deposition. BMC Genetics, 13(10). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-13-10

Musthafa, M. M., Aljummah, R. S., & Alshaikh, M. A. (2012). Genetic diversity of Najdi sheep based on microsatellite analysis. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(83), 14868-14876. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB12.1152

Nei, M. (1987). Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. Columbia University Press.

Prince, C. W., Oosawa, T., Butler, W. T., Tomana, M., Bhown, A. S., Bhown, M., & Schrohenloher, R. E. (1987). Isolation, characterization, and biosynthesis of a phosphorylated glycoprotein from rat bone. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 262(6), 2900-2907.

Qing, G., Ping, W., Hong, C., & Tsunoda, K. (2009). Genetic differentiation among four Chinese sheep breeds. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 8(7), 1381-1384.

Signer-Hasler, H., Burren, A., Ammann, P., Drögemüller, C., & Flury, C. (2019). Runs of homozygosity and signatures of selection: A comparison among eight local Swiss sheep breeds. Animal Genetics, 50(5), 512-525. https://doi.org/10.1111/age.12828

Vajed Ebrahimi, M. T., Mohammadabadi, M., & Esmailizadeh, A. (2017). Using microsatellite markers to analyze genetic diversity in 14 sheep types in Iran. Archives Animal Breeding, 60(3), 183-189. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-60-183-2017

Yeh, F. C., Yang, R. C., & Boyle, T. (1999). Popgene, Microsoft Windows-based Freeware for Population Genetic Analysis. University of Alberta. [Note: The source in your text originally cited Yeh & Berkowitz (1999) which is a Physics paper, but contextually for "Popgen", this is the correct citation].

Yosef, T., Mengistu, U., Solomon, A., Mohammed, Y., & Kefelegn, K. (2013). Camel and cattle population dynamics and livelihood diversification as a response to climate change in pastoral areas of Ethiopia. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 25(9).

Yurchenko, A. A., Deniskova, T. E., Yudin, N. S., Dotsev, A. V., Khamiruev, T. N., Selionova, M. I., ... & Brem, G. (2019). High-density genotyping reveals signatures of selection related to acclimation and economically important traits in 15 local sheep breeds from Russia. BMC Genomics, 20(294). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-5537-0

Downloads

Published

2026-02-28

Issue

Vol. 57 No. 2 (2026)

Section

Articles

License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

H.A. Al-Huboby , H. A.-H., & N.N. Al-Anbari , N. A.-A. (2026). GENETIC DIVERSITY INDICATORS IN SPP1 GENE OF LOCAL AWASSI EWES IN MIDDLE OF IRAQ . IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 57(2), 592-598. https://doi.org/10.36103/xswdr125

Download Citation