EFFECT OF DIETARY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF FERMENTED POTATO PEELS POWDER ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MICROBIAL PARAMETERS OF BROILERS

Authors

  • W. H. AL-Shemmari
  • H. A. AL-Mashhadani

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36103/kyypwt06

Keywords:

potato peels, kiwi, probiotics, meat oxidation.

Abstract

The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary replacement of fermented potato peels powder (FPPP) with Kiwi juice or probiotics with yellow corn on pre- and post- storage of meat oxidation for 30 days, physiological and microbial of broiler. A total of 231, day old broiler chicks (Rose 308) were used. The chicks were randomly distributed to seven treatments, with 3 replicate per each (11 chicks/ replicate): 6 males and 5 females. Chicks in the first treatment were fed on an ordinary diet and it was considered as a control treatment (T1). The T2, T3 and T4 treatments were considered as replacement treatments in which the (FPPP) by Kiwi juice was replaced by yellow corn at level of 6, 12 and 18% respectively. The T5, T6 and T7 treatments were used (FPPP) by Iraqi probiotics replaced by yellow corn at level of 6, 12 and 18% respectively. Significant differences (P≤0.01) were showed among treatments in the oxidation indices so that all the replacement treatments were superior in the oxidation value as compared with control at pre- and post - meat storage period. No significant differences was found in glucose concentration, total protein, uric acid and liver enzymes. The histological in Ileum showed superiority (P≤0.01) in crypt depth of T3, T6 and T7 while T6 significantly (p>0.01) villus length and the mucosal layer thickness as compared with T1. Excluding data of T1 and T2 groups, all treatments have a crucial role in increasing beneficial bacterial count.

References

1. Abbas, B. A., 2023. Traditional and Non-Traditional Feeds in Poultry Feeding: A review. radinka journal of science and systematic literature review. 1(2), 111–127. https://dio.org/10.56778/rjslr.v1i2.139.

2. Rehman, A. U., J. A. Buzdar, M. A. Arain, S. A. Fazlani, M. Arslan, and C. Zhou,. 2025. An in-depth overview of the nutritional advantages of medicinal plant supplementation in poultry feed. World's Poult. Sci. J. 81 (2), 569-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2025.2468696

3. Al- Aboudi. A. M. and S. J. Hamodi., 2023. Improving the nutritional value of water hyacinth leaves (WHL) and adding it to broiler diets during different periods age and its effects on the productive performance. Iraqi J. Agri. Sci. 54 (6): 1487-1496. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6

4. Aljebory, H. H. and S. A. H Naji,. 2021. Effect of pelleted fermented feed - in egg quality of laying hens. Diyala J. Agri. Sci. 13 (1), 41 -57. https://doi.org/10.52951/dasj.21130105

5. Allain, C. 1974. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clinical Chemistry, 20(4), 470-475.

6. Alshelmani. M. I, U. Kaka, E. A. Abdalla, A. M. Humam and H. U. Zamani., 2021. Effect of feeding fermented and non-fermented palm kernel cake on the performance of broiler chickens: a review. World’s J. Poult. Sci., 77 (2), 377–388. https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2021.1910472

7. Al-Shemmari, W. H. A. and H. A. Al-Mashhadani., 2023. The Effect of partial substitution of fermented potato peeling powder instead of yellow corn on the productive performance of broiler chickens. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci., 1214, 1180.

https://doi.10.1088/1755-1315/1214/1/012035

8. Al-Younes, W. M., A. M. Abdelqader, M. K. Abuajamieh, and K. O. Nassar,. 2024. Efficacy of probiotics and essential oils as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in broiler chickens. Iraqi J. Agric. Sci., 55(2), 633-643. https://doi.org/10.36103/8mfnd990

9. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 1995. Official Methods of Analysis, 16th Edition. AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD. PP: 711 – 738.

10. Asatoor, A. M and E. J. King., 1954. Simplified colorimetric blood sugar method. The Biochemical J. 01 Jan 1954, 56 (325th Meeting): xliv PMID: 13159933.

11. Bancroft, J. D, and G. Marilyn., 2008. Theory and practice of histological techniques. Elsevier Health Sciences. PP: 168-173.

12. Calliope, S. R.; M. O. Lobo, and N. C. Sammán., 2018. Biodiversity of andean potatoes: morphological, nutritional and functional characterization. Food Chemistry, 238,42-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.12.074

13. Chaing, W. Q, J. K. Piao, L. Gong and P. A. Thacher., 2010. Effect of feeding solid state fermented rapeseed meal on performance, Nutritional digestibitity, intestinal ecology and intestinal Morphology of broiler. Asain-Austrlas. J. Anim. Sci. 23 (2), 263-271.

https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2010.90145

14. Diogo F. F., F. L. Valente, R. A.Barros, D. G. G.Schwarz, F. S. Marks and M. A. S. Moreira., 2025. Effects of phenolic compounds on broiler’s diet: a systematic review. World's Poult. Sci. J. 81 (2): 557-567. https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2025.2459712

15. Duhan J. S., S. Kumar and S. K. Tanwar., 2013. Bioethanol production from starchy part of tuberous plant (potato) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae MTCC-170. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.. 7(46): 5253-5260.

https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR2013.6122.

16. Duncan D. B., 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11, 1–42. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001478

17. Egan. H., R. S. Kirk, and R. Sawyer. 1981. Pearson's Chemical Analysis of Foods, Eighth edition, Churchill Living Stone, New York.pp:591.

18. Ezekiel, R., N. Singh,, S. Sharma and A. Kaur. 2013. Beneficial phytochemicals in potato – a review. Food Res. Int., 50 (2), 487-496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.04.025

19. Hafeez, A., S. A. A., R. U., Shah, Q., Khan, Ullah, and S. Naz, 2020. Effect of diet supplemented with phytogenics and protease enzyme on performance, serum biochemistry and muscle histomorphology in broilers. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 48(1), 326-330. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2020.1789648.

20. Heleno, S. A. M. J. R., Martins, Queiroz, and I. C. Ferreira., 2015. Bioa of phenolic acids: Metabolites versus parent compounds: A review. Food Chemistry, 173,501-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.057.

21. Hui, Z. Y. Men, C. Hu, J. Kang X. Sun, N. Bi and. J. He., 2021. Effect of postoperative radiotherapy for patients with pIIIA-N2 non–small cell lung cancer after complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy: the phase 3 PORT-C randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncology, 7(8), 1178-1185.

https://Doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.1910

22. Iqbal, Y. J. Cottrell, J. H. A. Suleria and F. R. Dunshea., 2020. Gut polyphenol interactions in chicken: A review. Animals, 10 (8), 1391. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10081391.

23. Jamroz, D. T. Wertelecki, M. Houszka and C. Kamel., 2006. Influence of the inclusion of plant origin active substances on morphological and histochemical characteristics of the stomach and jejunum walls in chicken. J. Anim. Physiol.. Anim. Nut., 90 (5-6), 255-268.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.2005.00603.x

24. Jiang, H., F. Wang, R. Ma. T. Yang, C. Liu, W. Shen and Y. Tian., 2024. Advances in valorization of sweet potato peels: A comprehensive review on the nutritional compositions, phytochemical profiles, nutraceutical properties, and potential industrial applications. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf., 23(4),e13400. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.13400

25. Jimenez C. D., L. Frank, R. Orejon, A. M. Reyes, A. M. Muñoz, and F. R. Escudero., 2023. Bioactive compounds in potato peels, extraction methods, and their applications in the food industry: a review. Cyta-Journal of Food, 21(1), 418- 432. https://doi.org/10.1080/19476337.2023.2213746.

26. Johri, T. S., 2005. Endogenous and exogenous feed toxins. Poultry nutrition research in India and its perspective. Central Avian Research Institute Izatnagar - 243 122, Distt. Bareilly (U.P.) http://www.fao.org/docrep/article/agrippa/659-en-10.htm.

27. Jozefiak, D. A. Rutkowski, B. B. Jensen and R. M. Enberg., 2006. The effect of betaglucanase supplementation of barleyand oat-based diets on growth performance and fermentation in broiler chicken gastrointestinal tract. Br. Poult. Sci., 47, 57 – 64. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660500475145

23. Khempaka, S., W. Molee and M. Guillaume., 2014. Effect of palm kernel meal and β-mannanase on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass quality in broilers. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 27 (3), 364 – 374. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2013.13403.

29. Kumar, P. and K. D. Kashyap., 2019. Current perspectives and future strategies for fructose oligosaccharides production through membrane bioreactor. Appl. Microbiol. Bioengin., 185- 202. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815407-6.00010-1

30. Li, Q. X. Guan, P. Wu, X. Wang, L. Zhou Y. Tong and Z. Feng., 2020. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia. New England J. Med., 382(13), 1199-1207.‏ https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001316

31. Lv, J. L. Guo, B. Chen, K. Hao, H. Ma, Y. Liu and Y. Min., 2022. Effects of different probiotic fermented feeds on production performance and intestinal health of laying hens. Poult. Sci., 101(2), 101570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2021.101570

32. Lysenko Y., K. Andrei, L. Albina, O. Ruslan, and S. Sergei., 2021. Оrganic meat production of broiler chickens hubbard redbro cross. Int. J. Vet. Sci; 10: 25-30. https://doi.org/10.47278/journal.ijvs/2020.021.

33. Maxwell, O. I., U. B. Chinwuba and M. G. Onyebuchukwu., 2018. Protein enrichment of potato peels using Saccharomyces cerevisiae via solid-state fermentation process. Adva. Chem. Eng. Sci. 9 (1), 99 – 108.

https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2019.91008

34. Rodríguez-Martínez, B., B. Gullón and R. Yáñez, 2021. Identification and recovery of valuable bioactive compounds from potato peels: A comprehensive review. Antioxidants, 10 (10),1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101630

35. SAS., 2012. Statistical Analysis System, Users Guide. Statistical. Version 9. 1th ed. AS. Inst. Inc. Cary. N. C. USA.

36. Schindelin , J . C . T. Rueden and M. C. Hiner., 2015. The Image J ecosystem: an open platform for biomedical image analysis, Mol. Reprod. Dev., 82 (7-8), 518-529. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22489.

37. Scoters, S. Aldridge, M. and K. Capps., 2000. Validation of a method for the detection of E. coli O157: H7. in foods. Food Control 11: 85 - 95.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-7135(99)00065-1

38. Uchewa, E. N. and P.Onu., 2012.The effect of feed wetting and fermented feed on the performance of broiler chick. Biochem. Anim. Husband.,28,433-439. https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1203433U

39. Walters, H. G., B. Brown, N. Augspurger, R. Brister, S. Rao and T. Lee., 2018. Evaluation of NSPase inclusion in diets manufactured with high- and low-quality corn on male broilers. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 27: 228–239.

https://doi.org/10.3382/japr/pfx063

40. Wotton, I. D. P and H. Freeman., 1982. Micro Analysis in Medical Biochemistry 6th ed. Churchill Livingstone, London, p. 141.

41. Xia, C., Y. Liang, S. Bai, H. Yang, A. U. R. Muhammad, S. Huawei and C. Binghai., 2018. Effects of harvest time and added molasses on nutritional content, ensiling characteristics and in vitro degradation of whole crop wheat. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci;, 31: 354–362. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.17.0542

42. Xu, Q., S. Wang, H. Milliron and Q. Han, 2022. The efficacy of phenolic compound extraction from potato peel waste. Processes, 10 (11), 2326. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10112326.

Downloads

Published

2025-10-27

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

AL-Shemmari , W. H., & AL-Mashhadan, H. A. i. (2025). EFFECT OF DIETARY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF FERMENTED POTATO PEELS POWDER ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MICROBIAL PARAMETERS OF BROILERS. IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 56(5), 1802-1811. https://doi.org/10.36103/kyypwt06