RESPONSE OF GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATO PLANTS TO ADDITION OF BIOFERTILIZERS ,NILE FLOWER PEAT FERTILIZER AND SPRAYING WITH ITS EXTRACT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/h499ej86Keywords:
mycorrhizae ,trichoderma, sustainability, food safety, responsible consumption and production, climate actionAbstract
This study was aimed to demonstrate effect of adding some Bio-fertilizers,Nile flower peat fertilizer and spraying with its extract on growth and yield of potato, Tow field experiment at spring and fall season2022 was carried out Horticulture Development Station in the kut district of the Directorate of Agriculture ofWasit Governorate The experiment was implemented using factorial arrangement (4×3×2) within randomized complete block design with three replicates, The First factor included the addition of biofertilizers (M) ,which is M0-without adding , M1- added the Mycorrhizae in an amount of 25 g tuber-1 , M2- added the Trichoderma of 4 gtuber-1 and M3- added Mycorrhizae and Trichoderma fungi together, The second factor included the addition of Nile flower peat fertilizer (N), which is N0- without adding , N1- added 15 mg ha-1 and N2- added 30 mg ha-1 , the third factor included spraying with Nile flower peat fertilizer extract (E), spraying with distilled water(E0) and spraying with extract 2 ml L-1 (E1), The results of the statistical analysis showed the significant increase of biofertilizers in vegetative and yield characteristics as number of aerial stems, leaf area ,leaves chlorophyll content, number of tuber , total yield and percent of carbohydrates in the tubers compared with control (M0(, M3 treatment produced greatest value of this characteristics which reached4.911 ,4.714 stem plant-1, 183.0 ,167.1 dm2plant-1, 198.3,240.8 mg 100g-1, 10.56 , 6.977 tuber plant-1, 57.78, 43.95 Mgha-1 and 18.64 ,19.26%for spring and fall seasons respectively. Organic fertilizer showed significant increase in the above characteristics, N2treatmentproduced greatest value which reached 4.837 ,4.554 stem plant-1, 187.9 ,170.6 dm2plant-1 ,203.3, 244.3mg 100g-1, 11.01 , 7.229 tuber plant-1, 61.61 , 46.42 Mgha-1and 18.53 , 19.55%for spring and fall seasons respectively.
References
1. Ayad W. A. Al-Juboori, and S. M. K. Wasan. 2023. Effect of biofertilizers and spraying with magnesium and calcium on vegetative growth indicators of sweet corn. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 1225 012031.
DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/1225/1/012031
2. AL-hassan, M F., H. A. Baqir, and J. W. Mahmood. 2024. Role of Bio Health Extract on wheat Growth according to Zadoks decimal scale. Res. Crop. 25 (4): 547-552
DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2024.ROC-1130
3. Agicultural Statistics Directorate .2021. Cotton, Maize and Potato production report for the year 2020 . Central Statistical Organization Iraq .pp: 15-18.
4. Al - Badawi, M. A. 2008. Use of Mycorrhizae in biodegradation.Al - Morshed Magazine . United Arab Emirates .pp: 38 .
5 AL-Mharib, M. Z. K., and A. J. K. Mariush. 2020. Effect of nano-fertilizers and amino acids on the growth and yield of broccoli. Int. J. Agricult. Stat. Sci. 16: 1661-1665.
6. AL-Enzi, A. H. A and O. H. M. Almohammedi. 2020. Response of Potatoes to organic fertilizer and biofertilizers NOVA-GR Indian Journal of Ecology . 47 Special Issue (12): 275-280.
7. Al-Fadhli, J.T.M and M, Q. Uada. 2019. Response of Potato Planted in calcareous Soil to defferent Organic Fertilizers (Solanumtuberosum L.) Biochem. Cell. Arch. 19(1): 1919-1924.
8. Al-Khafaji, A. M. H. H., N. J. K. Al-Amri, and N. H. A. Al-Dulaimi. 2022. Growth, yield, and antioxidant traits of different parts of beetroot as affected by vermicompost and glutathione. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 53(5): 1107-1114.
https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i5.1623
9. Al-Khafaji, A. M.H. H., K D. H. Al-jubouri, F. Y. Baktash, I. J. Abdul Rasool, and Z. J. Al-Mousawi. 2024. Amelioration potato plant performance under drought conditions in iraq by using titanium dioxide, and biodegrading, biodegradable treatments. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 55(6), 1885-1893. https://doi.org/10.36103/03fway21
10. AL-Mharib., M. Z. K., A, M. Attalah and A, B .Ali. 2019. Effect of Adding Humic Acid and Phosphate Fertilizer Levels on Growth and Yield of Lettuce. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science. 12(4 ): PP 12-15.
doi: 10.9790/2380-1204011215
11. AL-Sahaf, F. H . 1989. Applied Plant Nutrition. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Baghdad University. Bayt Al Hikma. Iraq. pp. 260 .
12. Al-Khafaji, A. M. H. H., and K. D. H. Al-jubouri. 2024. Individual and interactive utility of biological and physical invigoration for various carrots seeds orders and study their field performance. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 55(4) :1566-1573. https://doi.org/10.36103/66873c67
13. Al-Ubaidy, R. M., M, Mohammed and A, K. Al-Zaidy. 2019.Influence of chemical fertilizer and foliar spraying with humic acid in growth and yield of red cabbage. Biochem. Cell. Arch. 19(1): 1215-1220.
doi : 10.35124/bca.2019.19.1.1215.
14. Al-Zaidi, M.A. H and M. A. H. Al-Jumaili .2022. Impact safe nutrients in raising production and chemical contents of potato. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences :53(6):1397- 1406. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i6.1655
15. Ati, A. S., F, H. Alsahaf and M, Zedan. 2015. Effect of irrigation levels and organic matter on water use efficiency of chilli pepper. International Journal of Engineering Research &Technology.4(2):928-933.
16. Barker, A. V and D. J .Pilbeam . 2007. Handbook of Plant Nutrition . Books in Soils , Plants , and The Environment . Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data .pp613 . DOI: 10.1201/9781420014877.
17. Campos, H. and O. Ortiz. 2020. The potato crop: its agricultural, nutritional and social contribution to humankind .pp: 518.
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-28683-5.
18. Dheyab, N. S., A M.H. H. Al-Khafaji, I. J. Abdul Rasool, K. D. H. Al-jubouri, F. Y. Baktash, Z. J. Al-Mousawi, D. A. Hanoon. 2025. Reducing water consumption and improving soil, root quality of potato via environmentally sustainable treatments. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 55(special):1-9. https://doi.org/10.36103/przef771
19. Fertosy , B.A.J.2003.Effect of Water Soluble Extract for some Organic Manure in Wheat Growth TritcumAestivuim L . M.Sc .Thesis ,Dep , of Soil Sci ., Coll.of Agric., Univ .of Baghdad . pp. 112 .
20. Garai, S , K.Brahmachari, S. Sarkar , M. Mondal, H. Banerjee, M. K. Nanda and K. Chakravarty . 2021 . Impact of seaweed sap foliar application on growth, yield, and tuber quality of potato (Solanumtuberosum L.) Journal of Applied Phycology.33: 1893-1904.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-021-02386-3
21. Goodwin T. 1976. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Plant pigments.2nd ed. Academic Press, New York San Francisco. USA., PP.373.
22. Hassan, A. A. 2021. Potatoes distinguished production technology for vegetable crops with the challenges of their production and export. First edition faculty of Agriculture Cairo University.Egypt.pp:17-21.
23. Joslyn, M. A. 1970. Methods in food analysis, physical, chemical and instrumental methods of analysis, 2nd ed. Academic Press. New Yourk and London .pp:845 .
24. Kalayu G. 2019. Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms: Promising approach as biofertilizers . International Journal of Agronomy.pp:1-7.
DOI: 10.1155/2019/4917256
25. Kuepper, G. 2003. Foliar Fertilization. ATTRA (Appropiate Techno-Logy Transfer For Rural Areas). US Dept. Agric. pp:1-10.
26. Metwally. R. A,. S. A. Soliman,. A. A. AbdelLatef and R. E. Abdelhameed. 2021. The individual and interactive role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichodermavirideo n growth, protein content, amino acids fractionation, and phosphatases enzyme activities of onion plants amended with fish waste.Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 214:1-13.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112112
27. Munda, S.; B. G.Shivakumar ; D. S.Rana ; B.Gangaiah ; K. M.Manjaiah ;A. Dass and K.Lakshman . 2016. Inorganic phosphorus along withbiofertilizers improves profitability and sustainability in soybean (Glycinemax)–potato (SolanumtuberosumL.) cropping system. Journal of the SaudiSociety of Agricultural Sciences, 17 (2): 107-113.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jssas.2016.02.001
28. Najem,N. H; F. H. Al-sahaf and H. J. Albayati .2020. The effect of organic residues and spraying of potassium and zinc on some growth characteristics and yield of potato. Plant Archive. 20(2):131-139.
29. Othman, J.; Khrieba, M.; Barbahan, Sh. 2022. "The Effect of soil inoculation with bio-fertilizer AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhizae) Fungi on some morphological and productive characters of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivated in the spring season." Tishreen University Journal for Biological Sciences Series, 44(3), 296-308.
30. Page, A. L.; Miller, R. H.; Keeney, D. R. (1982). Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, 2nd ed. Agronomy 9. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. 10.1002/jpln.19851480319
31. Rawaa, A., H. Hichem, S. Labidi, F. Ben Jeddi, H. Mhadhbi, and D. Naceur. 2024. Influence of biofertilizers on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) growth and physiological modulations for water and fertilizers managing. South African Journal of Botany, 174, 125-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2024.08.055
32. Siddiqui, Z. A.; Akhtar, M. S.; Futai, K. 2006. "Mycorrhizae: Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry." Netherlands, pp. 287-302.
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8770-7
33. Taiz, L.; E. Zeiger, 2010. Plant Physiology, 2nd ed. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
34. Yasir, N. F and A, A. Al-Salihy. 2022. Effect of Trichoderma and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the gene expression of the cytokine in in Tomato leaves. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology. (Special Issue 1, 2022): 472-478.
35. Zang, J., J, Cook ., J, T. Nearing,. J, Zang ,. R ,Raudonis ,. B,R. Glick ,M,G.I. Langille and Z, Cheng. 2021. Harnessing the plant microbiome to promote the growth of agricultural crops .Microbiol.Res. 245,126690,pp:1-1. 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126690
36. Zahir, Z. A., M. Arshad, and W. T. Frankenberger, 2004. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: Applications and perspectives in agriculture. Advances in Agronomy, 81, 97–168.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(03)81003-9
37. Zhang, F., G. Yang, and Y. Zhang, 2018. Trichoderma biofertilizer links to altered soil chemistry, altered microbial communities, and improved grassland biomass. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01061
38. Zeynu, S., and T. Rezika, 2021. Production of nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing liquid bio-fertilizer for the improvement of crop growth and yield. Modern Chemistry, 9(3), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mc.20210903.13
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
2.jpg)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-5906 2.jpg)
