EVALUATION OF OAT VARIETIES UNDER SUFFICIENT AND INSUFFICIENT IRRIGATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/j5f16091Keywords:
varieties , oat, genetic variation , irrigation intervals, climate change, drought, wise resources consumptionAbstract
This study was aimed to investigate the genetic variations of Oat cultivars under in sufficient of irrigation. A field experiment was carried out at the fields of with College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences ;University of Baghdad - Al-Jadriya during 2020-2021 seasons. The experiment was carried out using a Completely Block designwithin split-plot arrangement using three replicates under two treatments (verities and irrigation intervals). The main plots were irrigation intervals with moisture(50%, 25%, and 10%), while sub-plots were the varieties (Genzania, Anatolia, Plmula, Algoda, and Al-Shifa).The results showed that the third irrigation level had 75% flowering at highest averages93.67 days , and the V4 variety had the lowest average to weight of 250 grains about (7.67 g ).While there was a significant differencesamong irrigation interval 75% flowering compared with other traits ( 22.8) ,(24.6 )and ( 7.75) respectively. While the Alogoda produced the highest yield (7.49 ton .h-1) compared with the lowest Plmula gave (5.83 ton h-1)There are differences among of varieties under irrigation intervals. The highest genotypic coefficient to yield (94.7%) and the highest value of heritability was (98.75%).to the flowering.
References
Abed, Z. E., J R. W. essup, and M. H. E.Al-Issawi, 2018. Irrigation intervals affect dhn1 expression and some physiological parameters in stay green andnon-stay-green sorghum. Biochemical and Cellular Archives, 18(1): 1043-1047.
Ahmad, M., Z. A., Dar and M. Habib, 2014.A review on oat (Avena sativa L.) as a dual-purpose crop. Scientific Research and Essays, 9(4), 52–59.
Al-Essawi, H. K. S. and N.Y Abed, .2020. Genetic behavior ofPanicum (Panicum maximum L.) under different sowing Dates in Iraq. Plant Archives (09725210), 20 ( 1;791-797
AL-Behadili, A. A., and Z.A Abed,.2019. Effectiveness of oxidation enzymes in the ratio of gluten to wheat bread via different treatments of weeds control. Indian Journal of ecology,46(8):119-122.
http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.23914.75203.
Alizade, S.,E. E.Keshtkar., B. Mokhtassi., A., Sasanfar, H., and J.C Streibig,. 2021.Effect of drought stress on herbicide performance and photosynthetic activity of Avenasterilis subsp. ludoviciana (winter wild oat) and Hordeumspontaneum (wild barley). Weed Research, 61(4), 288-297.
https://doi.org/ 10.1111/ wre.12477
Al-Maliki, R.J and N.Y. Abed. 2019.Use of GGE-biplot technology to study the genetic environmental interaction of the maize. Plant Archives.19 (1), Pp. 1797-1803
Anjum, S. A., U.Ashraf., M.Tanveer.,I. Khan.,S. Hussain., B. Shahzad., and L.C. Wang.2017. Drought induced changes in growth, osmolyte accumulation and antioxidant metabolism of three maize hybrids. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8.69.
https://doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00069.
Bengtson, C., S. Larsson., and C. Liljenberg. 1978. Effects of water stress on cuticular transpiration rate and amount and composition of epicuticular wax in seedlings of six oatvarieties. PhysiologiaPlantarum ,44(4), 319-324.
https://doi.org /10. 1111/j.1399-3054. 1978.tb01630.x
Biel, W., K. Bobko., and R. Maciorowski. 2009. Chemical composition and nutritive value of husked and naked oats grain. J. Cereal Sci. 49: 413-418.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2009.01.009
Biörklund, M., A. Van Rees., R.P. Mensink and G. Onnin. 2005. Changes in serum lipids and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations after consumption of beverages with beta-glucans from oats or barley: a randomised dose-controlled trial. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 59, 1272-1282.https://DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602240
Chandra, A., R. K. Bhatt and L. P. Misra. 1998.Effect of water stress on biochemical and physiological characteristics of oat genotypes. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 181.(1) : 45-48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.1998.tb00396.x
Chauhan, A., N. Rajput., A. Kumar., L.S. Verma., and A,K.Chaudhry. 2018. Interactive effects of gibberellic acid and salt stress on growth parameters and chlorophyll content in oat cultivars. Journal of Environmental Biology, 39(5): 639-646. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/39/5/MRN-615
Devi, S.,A.S Nandwal .,R.N.Arora., N.Kumar.,S.K. Sharma.,S.S. Bisht.2018 .Water relations, quantum yield of PS-II, antioxidative enzymes, membrane integrity and ionic contents are indices of salinity stress tolerance in Avena sativa L. Int. J Nat. Sci. Res. 1(1):1-17.
Dickson, R. L., M. Andrews.,R.J. Field., and E.L. Dickson. 1990.Effect of water stress, nitrogen, and gibberellic acid on fluazifop and glyphosate activity on oats (Avena sativa). Weed Science, 38 (1), 54-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043174500056113
Ehlers;W.1989.Transpiration efficiency of oat. Agron. J. 81 (5), 810–817.
https:// doi.org/ 10.2134/ agronj 1989.00021962008100050023x.
Gangaiah, G. 2005. Response of oat (Avena sativa L.) varieties to irrigation schedules. Indian Journal of Agronomy 50: 165–166.
GH, M. T.,A. Haq.,T. Khaliq., M.Rehman., and S.Hussai.2014.Effect of different irrigation levels on yield and forage quality of oat (Avena sativa L). Applied Science Report,3(1),42–46.
http://dx. doi.org /10.15192/PSCP. ASR.2014.3.1.4246
Ghafoor, R., N.A.Akram., M.Rashid ., Ashraf., M. Iqbal., and Z.Lixin.2019. Exogenously applied proline induced changes in key anatomical features and physio-biochemical attributes in water stressed oat (Avena sativa L.) plants. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 25, 1121-1135.https://DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00683-3.
Hager, A.S.,F. Lauck., E. Zannini,. And A.K.Arendt.2012. Development of gluten free fresh egg pasta based on oat and teff flour. European Food Research and Technology.235(5):861-871.https://DOI:10.1007/s00217-012-1813-9
Islam, M. R.,X. Xue., S. Mao.,C. Ren., A.E. Eneji., and Y.Hu. 2011. Effects of water saving superabsorbent polymer on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in oat (Avena sativa L.) under drought stress. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91(4), 680-686. https://DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4234.
Jat, H.,M.K. Kaushik.,V. Nepalia., and D.Singh. 2017.Effect of irrigation schedule and nitrogen fertilization on growth, yield and quality of fodder oat (Avena sativa L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 6(4), 2040-2042.
Jessup, R. W., Z.A. Abed., H.F. Najeep ., and N.M. Al-Azawi. 2020.Genetic analysis of sorghum cultivars from USA using SSR markers. Plant Archives, 20(1), 1121-1125.
Khalil, S.E.,G. Nahed., A. E. Aziz., and B.H. Abou Leila. 2010.Effect of water stress and ascorbic acid on some morphological and biochemical composition of Osmiumbasilica plant. J. American Sci. 6:33 44.
Maldonado, C. A.,G.E. Zuñiga., L.J. Corcuera., and M.Alberdi. 1997.Effect of water stress on frost resistance ofoat leaves. Environmental and Experimental Botany.38(2):99-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-8472(96)01045-3
Maqbool, M.M., A. Ali, T. Haq., M.N. Majeed and D. J. Lee.2015. Response of spring wheat ( Triticumaestivum L.) to induced water stress at critical growth stages. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture. 31 (1): 53.
Mos M.,A Binek., A. Zielinski., and T. Wojtowicz .2007. Effect of Osmotic stress on vigor in naked and husked oat cultivars subjected to accelerated ageing. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci., 5: 465-469.
Mut, Z. E. K. İ., and H. Akay.. 2010.Effect of seed size and drought stress on germination and seedling growth of naked oat (Avena sativa L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 16(4), 459-467.
Odib,R. K. and E. N. Dahal.2020. Evaluation of biological response to salicylate Growth acid and productivity of oats. Plant Archives . 20( 1):1563-1569
Okab, S.I. and Z.A Abed. 2023.Gene expression of a nitrogen tolerance gene ZmNR1 under the influence of different levels of nitrogen in maize.Bionatura8(1):1-9.. https://DOI: 10.21931/RB/CSS/2023.08.01.93
Oraby.,H. and R.Ahmad.2012. Physiological and biochemical changes of CBF3 transgenic oat in response to salinity stress. Plant Sci. 2012. 85:331-339. https:// DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.01.003
Patel, J. R., and S. Rajagopal . 2002. Response of oat (Avena sativa L) to nitrogen and phosphorus levels. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 47(1), 134-137.
http://dx. doi.org/10.59797/ ija.v47i1.3130
Pirjo P and M. Pirjo,1995. Comparison of physiological methods to assess drought tolerance in oats. Plant Soil Sci 45:32–38. http://DOI:10.1080/09064719509410931
Ren.C.Z, B.L. Mab.,V. Burrows.,J. Zhou., Y.G. Hu.,and L. Guo.2017. Evaluation of early mature naked oat varieties as a summer-seeded crop in dry land northern climate regions. Field Crop Res 103:248–254 . http://DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2007.07.001
Riwad, M. T., and M.K. Alag. 2023. Role of nano and metallic boron foliar nutrition on water stress reducing in sweet corn yield and its components. 54(5):1421-1432. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i5.1842
Rasheed, Z. K. 2022. Modeling of subsurface horizontal porous pipe irrigation under different conditions. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 52(4):949-959. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i4.1405
Sharef, A. J., R. N. Dara and A. R. Ahmed. 2021. Alana river basin management. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 52(6): 1304-1317.
https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i6.1470 37.Sanchez-Bragado,R.,G.Molero.,M.P Reynolds., and J.L. Araus. 2014. Relative contribution of shoot and ear photosynthesis to grain filling in wheat under good agronomical conditions assessed by differential organ δ13C. J. Exp. Bot. 65, 5401–5413.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru298
Shaheen, A., A. Bibi., M.Awais.,N. Ahmad.,F.Shoaib.,Z. Shahbaz., and I.A. Khan Niazi. 2021. Evaluation of oat (Avena sativa L.) accessions for fodder yield and quality under drought stress. Journal of Agriculture and Food,Sci. 2(2),63-78.
https:// doi.org/ 10.52587/ JAF050202
Simova-Stoilova, L., D.Pecheva., and E. Kirova. 2020.Drought stress response in winter wheat varieties–changes in leaf proteins and proteolytic activities. Acta .Botanica Croatica, 79(2),121-130.
https:// doi.org/ 10.37427/botcro-2020-018
Tambussi, E. A., Bort, J., Guiamet, J. J., Nogués, S., and Araus, J. L. 2007. The photosynthetic role of ears in C3 cereals: metabolism, water use efficiency and contribution to grain yield. CRC Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 26, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07352680601147901
Tian, H., and H.Wang. 2022. Responses of photosynthetic characteristics of oat flag leaf and spike to drought stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, (13):1-13. https:// doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.917528
Varga, B., E. Varga-László.,S. Bencze., K.Balla., and O. Veisz. 2013.Water use of winter cereals under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions. Plant Soil Environ. 59, 150–155.
http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/658/2012-PSE
Willenborg. C.J., J.C Wildeman., A.K Miller.,B.G. Rossnaged and S.J. Shirtliffe .2005. Oat germination characteristics differ among genotypes, seed Sizes, and osmotic potentials. Crop Sci., 45: 2023-2029. https: //doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.0722.
Xie, H.,M. Li., Y.Chen., Q. Zhou.,W. Liu., G. Liang., and Z. Jia, . 2021. Important physiological changes due to drought stress on oat. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 9(1):644726.
https:// doi.org /10.3389/fevo.2021.644726
Zaheri, A., and S. Bahraminejad. 2012. Assessment of drought tolerance in oat (Avenasativa L) genotypes.Ann.Biol.Res. 3, 2194–2201.
Zhao, B., B.L. Ma.,Y. Hu., and L. Liu. 2021. Source–sink adjustment: a mechanistic understanding of the timing and severity of drought stress on photosynthesis and grain yields of two contrasting oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 40, 263-276.
https:// DOI:10.1007/s00344-020-10093-5
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.