IMPROVING THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF WATER HYACINTH LEAVES (WHL) AND ADDING IT TO PROILER DIETS DURING DIFFERENT PERIODS AGE AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1848Keywords:
water hyacinth. value improvement. productive performance. broilers. yeast. your probioticAbstract
This study was conducted at the poultry farm, the Department of Animal Production, Shatrah Technical Institute , Southern Technical University for the period from 19/2/2021 to 1/4/2021 for (42 days), according to the results Prevous part of the study the best treatment for (WHL) powder was chosen and the replacement was level 6% instead for Wheat, and the best treatment for (WHL) powder treated with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at level 12% instead of wheat, and the best treatment for (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at level 12% instead of wheat. In two periods of 1-21 days and 22-42 days, the chicks were fed on a starter diets for 1-21 days of age and a finisher diets for 22-42 days of age for the purpose of determining the best rearing period and its impact on the productive performance for broilers. Seven treatments were used with Three replicates per treatment (10 bird’s for replicate) in a floor hen house divided into enclosures of 1.25 x 1 m dimensions. The treatments were as follows: T1:Control without any replacement, T2: replacement (WHL) powder at a level 6% instead of wheat and for the period from 1-21 Day, T3 : replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 12% instead of wheat for a period of 1-21 days, T4: replacement (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at a level 12% instead of wheat and for a period of 1-21 days, T5: replacement (WHL) powder at a level 6% instead of wheat and for the period from 22-42 days, T6: replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 12% instead of wheat and for the period from 22-42 days and T7: replacement (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at a level 12% instead of wheat and for the period of 22-42 days. The results showed an improvement in live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and food conversion ratio for all addition treatments compared with control also treatments T5,T6 and T7 recorded the best results in productive characteristics.
References
Abdelrahman, M.M., 2013. Effect of feeding dry fat and yeast culture on broiler chicken performance. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 37, 31-37
Afsharmanesh, M.; M.; Barani, and F.G. Silversides, 2010. Evaluation of wet-feeding wheat-based diets containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae to broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci, 51, 776–783
Ahmed, M.E., T.E., Abbas, M.A. Abdlhag, and D.E. Mukhtar, 2015. Effect of dietary yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics and some metabolic responses of broilers. Anim Vet Sci 3,5–10
Al-Jubouri, Ahmed Radi Jabbar. 2018. Using the leaves of Atriplex halimus L. and Eichhornia crassipes in diets of carp fish Cyprinus carpio L.. Master's thesis, College of Agriculture / Al-Muthanna University
Al-Mashhadani, Hisham Ahmed Saleh. 2011. The effect of partial and total substitution of forage grains treated in place of soybean meal in the ration on the productive performance of laying hens. Doctoral thesis. Faculty of Agriculture. Baghdad University
Alwakaa, Adnan Hussein Ali and Sultan, Ahmed Mohammed. 2018. Study of seed germination at different dates and its effect on growth and reproduction of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms in northern Iraq. Tikrit University Journal of Agricultural Sciences Volume (18), Issue (2).
Aro, S. O. 2008 . Improvement in the nutritive quality of cassava and its by-products through microbial fermentation. African J. Biotech. ,7 (25): 4789-4797
Beski, S. M. S. 2019. Physiological and Immunological Responses of Japanese Quails to Oleobiotic. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 49(1). https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v49i1.221
Borda-Molina, D., J. Seifert, and A. Camarinha-Silva, 2018. Current perspectives of the chicken gastrointestinal tract and its microbiome. Comp Struct Biotechnol J 16, 131–139
Callaway, T. R., T. S. Edrington, T. L. Poole, and D. J. Nisbet. 2011. Current status of practical applications: probiotics in dairy cattle. Pages 121−135 in Direct-Fed Microbials and Prebiotics For Animals: Science and Mechanisms of Action. S.C. Ricke and T.R. Callaway, eds. Springer, New York, NY
Cui, X., B. Marshall, N. Shi, S.-Y. Chen, R. Rekaya, and H.-X. Liu. 2017. RNA-Seq analysis on chicken taste sensory organs: An ideal system to study organogenesis. Sci. Rep. 7:9131
Duncan , D. B. 1955 . Multiple ranges test and Multiple F – test . Biometrics . 11: 1 – 42
Elghandour, M.M.Y., Z.L. Tan, S.H. Abu Hafsa, M.J. Adegbeye, R. Greiner, E.A. Ugbogu, J. Cedillo Monroy and A.Z.M. Salem. 2019. Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a probiotic feed additive to non and pseudo-ruminant feeding: a review. Journal of Applied Microbiology ISSN 1364-5072
Ghareeb, K., W. A. Awad, M. Mohnl, R. Porta, M. Biarnees, J. Beohm, and G. Schatzmayr. 2012. Evaluating the efficacy of an avian-specific probiotic to reduce the colonization of Campylobacter jejuni in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 91:1825–1832
He M, CX, Qin X, Wang and NZ Ding .2020. Plant Unsaturated Fatty Acids: Biosynthesis and Regulation. Front. Plant Sci.11: 390.
He, T., S. Long, S. Mahfuz, D. Wu, X. Wang, X. Wei, and X. Piao. 2019. Effects of probiotics as antibiotics substitutes on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, intestinal morphology, and barrier function of broilers. Animals 9:985–995
Ibrahim, Ghassan 2009. Flower of the Nile is the Next Water Blight, Agriculture Journal, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Syria, No. 21
Islam, Md. S., 2018. In vitro evaluation of thrombolytic and antioxidant scavenging activity of eichhornia crassipes. SEU Journal of Science and Engineering, Vol. 12, No. 2
Javadi, A., H., Mirzaei, S. Safarmashaei, and S. Vahdatpour, 2012. Effects of probiotic (live and inactive Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on meat and intestinal microbial properties of Japanese quails. Afr J Biotechnol 11, 12083– 12087
Jeni, R. E., K. D., Dana G. O., Y Y Elena L. ,Z N.C. , Z Jeferson C. Steven Y Ricke, and R. C, Todd 2021. Probiotics and potential applications for alternative poultry production systems. Poult Scie. 100:101156
Jin, L., Y. Ho, N. Abdullah, and S. Jalaludin. 1998. Growth performance, intestinal microbial populations, and serum cholesterol of broilers fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures. Poult. Sci. 77:1259–1265
Kabir, S. M. L., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, M. B., Rahman, M. M., and Ahmed, S. U. .2004. The dynamics of probiotics on growth performance and immune response in broilers. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3(5), 361–364.
Lalitha, P., Sripathi, S. K., and Jayanthi, P. 2012. Secondary metabolites of Eichhornia crassipes (Water hyacinth): A review (1949-2011). Natural Product Communications, 7, 1249–1256
Liebezeit, G., R, Wostmann and D Ziehe, .2017. Lipid composition of the water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. Chem. Res. J. 2(2):1-12
Michałowicz, J. and W. Duda 2007. Phenols sources and toxicity. Polish J Environ Stud;16:347-62
Mustafa, M. M., F. Karadas, and I. T. Tayeb. 2021. Adding Different Levels of TURMERIC Powder and Curcumin in the Diet on some serum Biochemical of Broiler Reared under normal and heat stress Conditions. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 52(1): 10–19. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i1.1231
NRC, National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th ed. National Academy of Science. Washington, dc., USA
Ogbuewu I. P, Okoro V. M, E.F, Mbajiorgu and CA. Mbajiorgu 2019. Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and its effect on production indices of livestock and poultry – a review. Com Clinic Path. 28(3):669–677
Ospina-Rojas, I.C.; A.E.; Murakami, I.; Moreira, K.P.; Picoli, R.J.; Rodrigueiro, and A.C. Furlan,.2013. Dietary glycine+serine responses of male broilers given low-protein diets with di_erent concentrations of threonine. Br. Poult. Sci, 54, 486–493
Perez, V.G., Waguespack, A.M., Bidner, T.D., Southern, L.L., Fakler, T.M., Ward, T.L., Steidinger, M. and Pettigrew, J.E. .2011. Additivity of effects from dietary copper and zinc on growth performance and fecal microbiota of pigs after weaning. J Anim Sci 89, 414–425
Pourabedin, M., Xu, Z., B., Baurhoo, E. Chevaux, and X. Zhao, 2014. Effects of mannan oligosaccharide and virginiamycin on the cecal microbial community and intestinal morphology of chickens raised under suboptimal conditions. Can J Microbiol 60, 255–266
Rasheed H. GH. and N. H. Haydar .2023. Purification, characterization and evaluation of biological activity of mannoprotein produced from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 54(2): 347–359. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i2.1709
Rasheed, S. A., and S. M. A. Al Nuaimmi. 2022. Effect of adding dry yeast and folic acid on improving the physiological and productive performance of quail. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 53(4): 789–797. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i4.1590
Rodjan, P., K. Soisuwan, K. Thongprajukaew, Y. Theapparat, S. Khongthong, J. Jeenkeawpieam, and T. Salaeharae. 2018. Effect of organic acids or probiotics alone or in combination on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, enzyme activities, intestinal morphology and gut microflora in broiler chickens. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 102:e931–e940
Sanseverino, AM, D, Bastviken I, Sundh J, Pickova and A Enrich- Prast .2012. Methane carbon supports aquatic food webs to the fish level. PLoS ONE. 7: 8
Sun Z. , W., Tao D., Natnael Z., Sen Z., Wei C., Xue Z. Yuguo and Q. Guixin 2019. Efect of Yeast Culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on Broilers: A Preliminary Study on the E_ective Components of Yeast Culture. Animals, 10, 68
Sunitha P, P, Apparao RM, Sandhya B, Sirisha and K. Lavanya 2018. Evaluation of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of whole plant of eichhornia crassipes. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 48(1): 37-42.
Tayeb, T., N. H. R. Artoshi, and B. Sögüt. 2019. Performance of broiler chicken fed different levels thyme, adiantum, rosemary and their combination. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 50(6):1522-1532. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v50i6.840
Vase-Khavari, K., S. H. Mortezavi, B. Rasouli, A. Khusro, A. Z. M. Salem, and A. Seidavi. 2019. The effect of three tropical medicinal plants and superzist probiotic on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood constitutes, immune response, and gut microflora of broiler. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 51:33–42
Wu, Y., W. Zhen, Y. Geng, Z. Wang, and Y. Guo. 2019. Pretreatment with probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 ameliorates necrotic enteritis-induced intestinal barrier injury in broiler chickens. Sci. Rep. 9:10256–11061
Yazhini, P., P. Visha, P. Selvaraj, P. Vasanthakumar, and V. Chandran. 2018. Dietary encapsulated probiotic effect on broiler serum biochemical parameters. Vet. World 11:1344–1348.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
2.jpg)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-5906 2.jpg)
