EFFECT OF DIETARY PROTECTED LYSINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK YIELD, COMPOSITION AND SOME BLOOD AND RUMEN PARAMETERS IN LOCAL EWES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i6.1647Keywords:
concentrated diet, wheat straw, corrected milkAbstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing rumen protected lysine on milk production, composition and some blood and rumen parameters. Nine local ewes were assigned into three groups (3 ewes for each) and were allocated into 3x3 Latin-square design. The first group (control) was fed concentrate diet. The second group (F-LYF) was fed the control diet and supplemented with free lysin (3g/ewe/day). The third group (P-LYS) was fed the control diet and supplemented with rumen protected lysine (3g/ewe/day). The ewes were offered 1000 g/ewe/day of concentrate and wheat straw ad libitum in addition to grazing for 6 hr per day. Results revealed that ewes supplemented with P-LYS and F-LYS had a non-significant (P>0.05), increase in daily milk yield, fat content and yield, protein yield, fat corrected milk (FCM) and energy corrected milk (ECM). The serum urea concentration was reduced significantly (p<0.05) in the (P-LYS) and (F-LYF) compared to control group, while neither protected nor free lysine affecting (P>0.05) all blood parameters as well as rumen pH and protozoa numbers, while ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was numerically increased (P>0.05).
References
Abbasi, I. H. R, F. Abbasi, M. E. Abd El‐Hack, A. A. Swelum, J. Yao, and Y. Cao, 2018. Post-ruminal effects of rumen-protected methionine supplementation with low protein diet using long-term simulation and in vitro digestibility technique. AMB Expr (2018) 8:36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-018-0566-7.
AL-Dabagh R. H. A., 2011. Effect of Urea Supplementation Formaldehyde Treated Rations on Productive Performance and Lambs Growth of Awassi Ewes. MSc. Thesis. University of Mosul, College of Agriculture and Forestry, Iraq
Ali C.S., Islam-UD-DIN, M. Sharif, M. Nisa, A. Javad, N. Hashmi and M. Sarwar, 2009. Supplementation of ruminally protected proteins and amino acids: Feed consumption, digestion and performance of cattle and sheep. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 11:(4): 477- 482
AOAC 2007. Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official qAnalytical Chemists, Arlington, VA
Ayyat, M. S., A. Al-Sagheer, A. E. Noreldin, M. E. Sbd-Hack, A. F. Khafaga, M. A. Abdel-Latif, A. A. Swelum, M. Arif, and A. Z. M. Salem, 2019. Beneficial effects of rumen-protected methionine on nitrogen-use efficiency, histological parameters, productivity and reproductive performance of ruminants. Animal Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2019.1653314
Bequette B. J, F. R. C. Backwell, and L. A. Crompton, 1998. Current concepts of amino acid and protein metabolism in the mammary gland of the lactating ruminant. J. Dairy Sci 81, 2540-2559.
Bequette, B. J., F.R. Backwell, C.E. Kyle, A.G. Calder, V. Buchan, L.A. Crompton, J. France, and J. C. MaCrae, 1999. Vascular sources of phenylalanine, tyrosine, lysine, and methionine for casein synthesis in lactating goats. J. Dairy Sci., 82, 362–377
Bertoni, G., 1996. Feeding and bovine milk quality; Endocrine and metabolic factors. Zoot. Nutr. Anim. 22:205-212.
Broderick G. A., M. J. Stevenson, R. A. Patton, N. E. Lobos, and C. J. J. Olmos, 2008. Effect of supplementing rumen-protected methionine on production and nitrogen excretion in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci., 91, 1092–1102. doi:10.3168/jds.2007-0769
Casper, D.P., D.J. Schingoethe, C. M. J. Yang, and C. R. Mueller, 1987. Protected methionine supplementation with extruded blend of soybeans and soybean meal for dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 70, 321–330
Chapoutot P., P. Schmidely, D. Sauvant, J. C. Robert, and B. Sloan, 1992. Influence of a ruminally protected blend of methionine and lysine on the dairy cow nutrition and production. J. Dairy Sci., 75: 199
Chen, X. B. and E. R. Orskov, 1994. Amino acid nutrition in sheep. In “Amino acids in Farm Animal Nutrition”. J.P.F. D’ Mello (Ed.), CAB International, Wallingford, UK. pp 307-314.
Dehority, B. A. 1984. Evaluation of subsampling and fixation procedures used for counting rumen protozoa. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 48:182–185
Doney J. M., J. N. Peart, W. F. Smith and F. Louda, 1979. A consideration of the techniques for estimation of milk yield by suckled sheep and a comparison of estimates obtained by two methods in relation to the effect of breed, level of production and stage of lactation,” J. Agric. Sci., 92 (1) :123–132
Dosky K. N. S., Sh. S. A. Jaaf and L. T. Mohammed, 2012. Effect of protected soybean meal on milk yield and composition in local Meriz goats. Mesopotamia J. of Agric. 40 (1): 1-10
Duncan, D.B, 1955. Multiple range and multiple F-test biometrics, 11: 1-24
Economides, S., 1986. Comparative studies of sheep and goat milk yield, composition and growth rate of lambs and kids. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb), 106: 477-484
Elwakeel E. A., H. M. El-Zaiat and A. S. Morsy, 2018. Effect of rumen-protected lysine (HYDROXY METHYL LYSINE) supplementation on performance and blood metabolites in Barki sheep. Egyptian J. Nutrition and Feeds, 21(3): 645-654
Flores A., G. Mendoza, J. Rodriguez, F. Plata, S. Vega and R. Barcena, 2009. Effects of rumen-protected methionine on milk production of dairy goats. Short communication. Italian J. of Anim. Sci. 8, 271–275. doi:10.4081/ijas.2009.271
Goulas C., G. Zervas and G. Papdopoulas, 2003. Effect of dietary animal fat and methionine on dairy ewe’s milk yield and milk composition. Animal Feed Science and Technology 105, 43–54. doi:10.1016/S0377-8401(03) 00048-8
Kassem M.M, and M. N. Abdullah, 2013. Effect of estimated by-pass protein level in concentrated rations on performance of lactating Awassi ewes pre-weaning. Mesopotamia J. Agric. 41: (1) 154-163
Kong F., G. Yanxia, T. Mengqi, F. Tong, D. Qiyu, B. Yanliang and T. Yan, 2020. Effects of dietary rumen–protected Lys levels on rumen fermentation and bacterial community composition in Holstein heifers. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, (814). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10684-y
Lara A., G. D. Mendoza, L. Landois, R. Barcena, M. T. Sánchez-Torres, R. Rojo, J. Ayala and S. Vega, 2006. Milk production in Holstein cows supplemented with different levels of ruminally protected methionine. Lives. Sci. 105, 105-108
Lynch G. P., T. H. Elsasser, C. Jackson, JR, T. S. Rumsy, and M. J. Camp, 1991. Nitrogen metabolism of lactating ewes fed rumen protected methionine and lysine. J. Dairy Sci. 74:2268-2276
Madsen T. G., L. Nielsen, and M. O. Nielsen, 2005. Mammary nutrient uptake in response to dietary supplementation of rumen protected lysine and methionine in late and early lactating dairy goats. Small Ruminant Research. 56 151–164
MAFF, 1975. Energy allowances and Feed systems for ruminants, Technical Bulletin,33. First published.
MAFF. 1986. The analysis of agriculture materail; 3rd Edition. London, HMSO
Mavrogenis, A. P. and Chr. Papachristoforou, 1988. Estimation of the energy value of milk and prediction of fat-corrected milk yield in sheep and goats. Small Ruminant Research 1, (3) 229-236
Mavrommatis A., C. Mitsiopoulou, C. Christodoulou, P. Kariampa, M. Simoni, F. Righi and E. Tsiplakou, 2021.Effects of supplementing rumen-protected Methionine and Lysine on milk performance and oxidative status of dairy ewes. Antioxidants. 10,654. http;//doi.org/10.3390/antiox10050654
Menchu, S. 2019. Ruminal Protection and Intestinal Availability Of Rumen-Protected Methionine and Lysine in lactating dairy cows. MSc. Thesis. Utah State University Logan, Utah
Merchen, N. R. and E. C. Titgemeyer, 1992. Manipulation of amino acid supply to the growing ruminant. J. Anim. Sci., 70: 3238-3247
Mustafa K. N. S. (2021). Effect of formaldehyde-protected diets on milk yield, composition and some blood biochemical parameters in Karadi ewes. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences :52(4).
Papadomichelakis G., K. Koutsotolis, G. Zabeli and G. Zervas, 2002. The effect of lactating dairy ewes’ diet supplementation with ALIMET (liquid methionine) on milk yield and milk composition. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 1, 301-305
Park, J.K., J.M. Yeo, G.S. Bae, E.J. Kim and C.H. Kim, 2020. Effects of supplementing limiting amino acids on milk production in dairy cows consuming a corn grain and soybean meal-based diet. J. Anim. Sci. Technol. 624, 485–494
Peterson S. E., P. Rezamand, J.E. Williams, W. Price, M. Chanine and M. A. McGuire, 2012. Effects of dietary betaine on milk yield and milk composition of mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 95:6557–6562.
Poljičak-Milas N, and T. S. Marenjak, 2007. Dietary supplement of the rumen protected methionine and milk yield in dairy Goats. Arch Tierz 50, 273-278
Robinson P. H., E. J. DePeters, I. Shinzato and H. Sato, 2006. Rumen lysine escape, rumen fermentation, and productivity of early lactation dairy cows fed free lysine. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol 128:31–41
Sai, S., S. S. Thakur, N. Kewalrmani and M. Chaurasia, 2014. Effect of supplementation of rumen protected methionine plus lysine on growth performance, nutrient utilization and blood metabolites in calves. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 31(1): 1-7
SAS., 2001. SAS/STAT Users Guide for personal computer. Release 6.12. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, U.S.A
Schingoethe, D. J., D. P. Casper, C. Yang, D. J. Illg, J. L. Sommerfeldt and C.R. Mueller, 1988. Lactation response to soybean meal, heated soybean meal, and extruded soybeans with ruminally protected methionine. J. Dairy Sci. 71, 173–180
Schwab, C. G. 1995. Protected proteins and amino acids for ruminants. In: Wallace, R.J. and A. Chesson (eds.), Biotechnology in Animals Feeds and Animal Feeding. V.C.H. press, Weinheim, Germany
Sevi, A., A. Muscio, L. Coldola, and D. Dantone, 1998. Milk yield of Comisana ewes fed RP methionine and lysine at two levels of dietary protein content. Ital. J. Food Sci. 10:137-146.
Shan, J. G., Z. L. Tan, Z. H. Sun, J. P. Hu, S. X. Tang, H. L. Jiang, C. S. Zhou, M. Wang, and G. O. Tayo, 2007. Limiting amino acids for growing goats fed a corn grain, soybean meal and maize stover based diet. Animal Feed Science Technology, 139: 159-169
Singh, J. K. D. Roy, V. Kumar, M. Kumar and R. Sirohi, 2015. Effect of supplementing rumen protected methionine and lysine of nutrient utilization, growth and blood biochemical parameters in Hariana heifers. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 32(2): 187-191
Socha, M. T., D. E. Putnam, B. D. Garthwaite, N. L. Whitehouse and N. A. Kierstead, 2005. Amino acid supply of Pre- and Postpartum dairy cows with Rumen protected Methionine and Lysine. J. Dairy Sci., 88: 1113–1126
Soltan M. A., A. M. Mujalli, M. A. Mandour, and A. M. El-Shinaway, 2012. Effect of dietary rumen protected methionine and/or choline supplementation on rumen fermentation characteristics and productive performance of early lactating cows. Pak J Nutr. 11 (3) 221-230
Tamura T., K. Inoue, H. Nishiki, M. Sakata, M. Seki, T. Koga, Y. Ookubo, K. Akutsu, S. Sato, K. Saitou, H. Shinohara, T. Kuraisi, H. Kajikawa and M. Kurihara, 2018. Effects of rumen-protected methionine on milk production in early lactation dairy cattle fed with a diet containing 14.5% crude protein. Anim Sci J.; 90:62–70.
Třinácty J., L. Křížová, S. Hadrová, O. Hanuš, B. Janštová, L. Vorlová and M. Dračková, 2006. Effect of rumen-protected protein supplemented with three amino acids on milk yield, composition and fatty acid profile in dairy cows. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 15, 3-15
Tsiplakou E., A. Mavrommatis, D. Skliros, K. Sotirakoglou, E. Flemetakis and G. Zervas, 2018. The effects of dietary supplementation with rumen-protected amino acids on the expression of several genes involved in the immune system of dairy sheep. J Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 1–13
Wanapat M., S. Sarawish and S. Chathai, 1988. Ruminal NH3-N and VFA production in cattle (Bos indicus) when supplemented with leucaena leucocephala in rice straw-based diets. WAAP-88. Helsinki. Nutr. 3-9:364
Wang, C., H. Y. Liu, Y. M. Wang, Z. Q. Yang, J. X. Liu, Y. M. Wu, and H. W. Ye, 2010. Effects of dietary supplementation of methionine and lysine on milk production and nitrogen utilization in dairy cows. J. Dairy Res. 93, 3661–3670. https://doi.org/10.3168/ jds.2009-2750
Wu, G., F. W. Bazer, Z. L. Dai, D. F. Li, J. J. Wang, and Z. L. Wu, 2014. Amino acid nutrition in animals: protein synthesis and beyond. Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci. 2014; 2:387–417
Yang W.R., H. Sun, Q. Y.Wang, F. X. Liu and Z. B. Yang, 2010. Effects of rumen- protected methionine on dairy performance and amino acid metabolism in lactating cows. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences 5, 1–7. doi:10.3844/ajavsp.2010.1.7
Younis, F. E. and R. A. Abd-Elazem, 2018. Effect of supplementation of rumen-protected amino acids to Barki sheep on some blood parameters. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB). 4 (5): 1549-1553.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
2.jpg)
2.jpg)
