STUDY OF THE DESIGN OF NATIONAL PARK OF HALABJA (PAYTAKHTY ASHTY) ACCORDING TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND RECREATIONAL NEEDS OF THE RESIDENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i2.1551Keywords:
National Park of Halabja, Peace Park (Paytakhty Ashty), Recreational and Environmental Needs of the Residents in Park Design.Abstract
Designed a national park in the name of Peace Park (Paytakhty Ashty) on an area of 25 hectares of agricultural land with a slope of 1-2 %, located at latitude N35°11''42 and longitude E46°1''18, at an altitude of 780 m from sea level, in the north-eastern side of Halabja city, which is one of the oldest cities in Kurdistan, Iraq, which is located in the plains of Shahrazur, which is the second most fertile soil in the world, then the Halabja city became a symbol of peace because of its genocide and was named the capital of peace , so the designed park it named the Peace Park. The designs for the park site were developed according to the suitability of the site and its surroundings and its topography, as well as a study of the environmental factors of the area, so that the most important negative aspects of the climate were taken into account due to the lack of humidity (17%) and high temperature (49°C) during the summer months and the opposite during the winter months (-6°C) and at the same time the presence of comfort zone during the spring and autumn months. The opinions of part of the residents, specialists in the municipality and academics in this field were also taken into consideration in the design process, as 100% of the respondents see the necessity of having a national park in their city, 61% of them like to visit the park weekly and the preferred time to visit is 62% in the afternoon, while the preferred forms of visit are collective, such as friends and families, and with a percentage of 88% of the respondents. The most preferred recreational activities in the park are sitting and resting, watching beautiful scenery (100%), children's games (95%), special places for families (94%), saliva city, sports arenas, hiking and nature tours, respectively.
References
Al- Rawi, S.H. 1988. Climatic design of building sites. MSc. Thesis. Architecture Dprt. Col. of Eng. University of Technology – Baghdad – Iraq
Alaska Department of Natural Resources, 2001, Trees and Forests Improve the Urban Environment
Chiesura, A.2004. The role of urban parks for sustainable city
Directorate of Statistics in Halabja Governorate. 2019. Statistical information
Elmendorf, WF. , Willits FK. and Sasidharan V.2005. Urban park and forest participation and landscape preference: a review of the relevant literature, Journal of Arboriculture, No. 6, Vol. 31, pp. 311-316
Ezennia, I. S.; C. U Patrick. and M. I. Vitalis 2017. User Perception of Neighborhood Parks and Open Spaces: A Case of Karakol, North Cyprus. International Jour. of Sci. & Tech. Res. Vol- 6, Issue- 08 - ISSN 2277-8616.
Flink, C.A. and R.M. Searns. 1993. Aguide to Planning, Design and Development. Island press, Washington, D.C. USA
Illinois, U.2018. Site Selection Process. Prepared by the University of Illinois – USA
Jacobs. J. 1992, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, New York- USA
Jasim, S.N. 2004. Study of the existing situation of Zawra Park and some suggested solutions for its reconstruction. PhD diss., college of agri. horticulture dept. Univ. of Baghdad - Iraq.
Jefferson, C. 2006. Open Space Active and Passive Recreation. Co.8.4.1. Colorado. USA
Katz, P. 2001. Land and People Magazine. New York, USA
Kelly, C. 2010. Green Guide to Strategic Site Selection and Development. American Red Cross, California – USA
Kito, S. 2011. Site Selection Criteria and Evaluation Handbook. State of Alaska Department of Education Juneau, Alaska – USA
Laghai, H. A., and A. Mahmoodzadeh, 2000. Introduction of Urban Sustainable Development, Fine Arts Journal, Vol. 6. Tehran, University of Tehran- Iran
Luximon, Y.; H.Y. Kwong and Y.Y. Tai .2015. User preferences of urban park seating pattern in Hong Kong. 6th International Conferences, AHFE, ELSEVIES- Available online at
Meteorology Department of Halabja. 2019. Environmental Information
Miracle, R. 2020. Guide to Designing a Park. Monett- USA
Naqash, M. H. 1998. Recreational sites and their developmental dimensions in Baghdad. PhD diss. Urban and Regional Planning Center- University of Baghdad
Nottinghamshire, consultation.2007.How to design and use questionnaires. County Hall, West. Bridgford, Nottingham. www.nottinghamshire.gov.uk
Olgyay, V. 1973. Design with Climate. Proctor University Press New Jersy, USA
Ransom, J. 2008. Designing Parks and Park Areas for Passive, Mixed or Active Use. Recreation Divisior, California, USA
Rutledge, A.J. 1971. Anatomy of Park. MC-Graw-Hill book co. New York, USA.
Saeednia, A. 2005. Green Book of Municipality, Edith. 9. Tehran- Iran
Simonds, J.O. 1983. Landscape Architecture, a Manual of Site Planning and Design. MC-Graw – Hill book Company, New York- USA
Smith, S.W. 1997. Landscape Irrigation Design and Managements. John Wiley and Sons, Inc USA
Wright, M. 1979. The Complete Book of Gardening. J. B. Lippincott Co. New York, USA
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.