RESPONSE OF MAIZE HYBRIDS TO IRRIGATION TREATMENTS AT SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/7ke06w88Keywords:
kernel yield; forage yield; yield components, drought, climate change, food securityAbstract
This experiment was carried out during season of 2020 and 2021 at Erbil governorate to study the forage and grain yield performance of three maize hybrids Zea mays L. as influenced by irrigation skipping at different times. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The irrigation treatments were located at the main plots, and the hybrids were distributed at the subplots. Highly significant effects of irrigation treatments were recorded for forage, grain yield and most of its components at both seasons and their average. The differences among hybrids were not significant for forage yield at both seasons. It was significant for grain yield as the average of both seasons only. The fresh and dry forage yield was affected more by the skipping irrigation during the last two periods of skipping, and the same for the grain yield. That there are no significant differences between the control and skipping during the first period, as the significantly outperformed the grain yield in the last two periods of skipping.
References
Aktar, S. ; N. Hossain ; M. G. Azam ; M. Billah ; P. L. Biswas; M. Abdul Latif ; M. Rohman; S. A Bagum, and M. S. Uddin; 2018 Phenotyping of hybrid maize ( Zea mays L.) at seedling stage under drought condition. American Journal of Plant Science, 9, 2154-2169. DOI:10.4236/ajps.2018.911156
Allen, R. G., L. S. Pereira, D. Raes and M. Smith. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration - guidelines for computing crop water requirements. – FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56. FAO, Rome 300(9): D05109
Araus, J. L. and et al. 2012. Phenotyping maize for adaptation to drought. Frontiers in Physiology- plant physiology 3(305), 1–20,https:// doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00305
Ashraf, M. 2010. Inducing drought tolerance in plants: Recent Advances. Biotech. Adv. 28: 169– 183
Aslam, M., I. Zamir, M. Shahid, I. Afzal, and M. Yaseen. 2013. Morphological and physiological response of maize hybrids to potassium application under drought stress. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51. (4) 443-454
Atta, Y. I. 2007. Improving growth, yield and water productivity of some maize cultivars by new planting method. Egypt J. Appl. Sci., 22(11): 1-16
Alkazaali H.A., M.M.Elsahookie, and F. Y. Baktash. 2016. Flowering syndrome - Hybrid performance relationship in maize: 1- Field traits and growth rates, 47(4): 900 - 909. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v47i4.518
Alkazaali H.A., and F. Y. Baktash. 2016. Impact of corn grain moisture at harvesting to agronomic traits in subsequent generation, 48: (Special Issue): 11-23. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v48iSpecial.240
Baktash, F. Y., and H.A. Alkazaali. 2016. Effect of grain moisture of corn at harvesting on some agronomic traits. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 47(5): 1334 - 1339. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v47i5.514
Baktash, F. Y., and H.A. Alkazaali. 2016. Grain yield and yield components of corn as influenced by harvesting moisture. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 47(5): 1340 - 1345. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v47i5.514
Baktash, F. Y., 2016. Modified mass selection within corn synthetic variety. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 47(1): 391 - 395. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v47i1.643
Baktash, F. Y. and K. M. Wuhaib. 2003. Path analysis in several maize characters. Iraqi J. Agric. Science. 34 (3):97-104
Baktash, F. Y. and M. H. Al-Aswadi. 2005. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation in several maize characters. Iraqi J. Agric. Sciences. 36 (3):57- 62
Black, C. A., D. D.Evans, R. C. Dinauer, 1965. Methods of Soil Analysis. Vol. 9. – American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp: 653-708
Çakir, R. 2004. Effect of water stress at different development stages on vegetative and reproductive growth of corn. Field Crops Res., 89, 1–16. [CrossRef]
Campos H. and et al. 2004. Improving drought in maize: A view from industry. Field Crop Res 90(1): 19-34. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2004.07.003
Campos H., M. Cooper, J. E. Habben, G. O. Edmeades and J. R. Schussler,2004. Improving drought tolerance in maize: a view from industry. Field Crops Res 90: 19–34
Chakraborty, M. and R. P. Sah, 2012. Genetic component in baby corn (Zea mays L.). Plant Archives. 12(1), 291–294.
Chakraborty, M., J. Ghosh and R. P. Sah. 2012. Combining ability studies for yield and other traits in maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Archives. 12(1), 235–238
Chaudhary, D. P. and et al. 2016. Evaluation of normal and specialty corn for fodder yield and quality traits. Range Mgmt. and Agroforestry. 37(1), 79–83 5
Daryanto, S.; L. Wang and P.A. Jacinthe, 2015. Global synthesis of drought effects on food legume production. PLoS ONE, 10, e0127401. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Daryanto, S.; L.Wang; P.A. Jacinthe, 2016. Global synthesis of drought effects on maize and wheat production. PLoS ONE, 11, e0156362. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
El-Aref, Kh. A. O.; A. S. Abo El-Hamed, and A. M. Abo El-Wafa, 2004. Response of some maize hybrids to nitrogen and potassium fertilization levels. J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ., 29(11): 6063-6070
El-Bana, A.Y.A. 2001. Effect of nitrogen fertilization and stripping leaves on yield and yield attributes of tow maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Zagazig J. Agric. Res., 28 (3): 579-596
El-Wakil, N.M.H. 2002. Response of some Cultivars of Maize to Plant Density and Nitrogen Fertilization. M.Sc., Thesis, Fac., Agric., Moshtohor, Zagazig Univ., Egypt.
Hamed, M.F 2003. Performance of two maize hybrids under irrigation intervals and ethryl treatments. Annals of Agric., Sc., Moshtohor, 41(2):669-678
Hassan, M. M. M.; M. A. M. El-Ghonemy and R. S. H. Aly. 2008. Response of some maize single cross hybrids to plant density under different Egyptian environmental conditions. Minufia J. Agric. Res., 33(2): 427-443
Kranz, W.L.; S. Irmak,; S.J. Van Donk,; C.D. Yonts, D.L. Martin, 2020. Irrigation Management for Corn. Nebguide G1850. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln.: http://extensionpublications.unl.edu/assets/html/g1850/build/g1850.htm (accessed on 10 September).
Kränzlein, M.; C. M. Geilfus; B. L. Franzisky, X. Zhang; M. A. Wimmer, and C. Zorb, 2021. Physiological Response of Contrasting Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids to Repeated Drought. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. published online: 21 August 2021
Lesk, C., P. Rowhani, and N. Ramankutty. 2016. Influence of extreme weather disasters on global crop production. Nature 529, 84–87. doi: 10.1038/ nature16467
Lorenz, O. A. and D. N. Maynard, 1980. Knott's Handbook for Vegetable Growers. – John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Lyon D., M. A. Castillejo, V. Mehmeti-Tershani, C. Staudinger, C. Kleemaier and S. Wienkoop 2016. Drought and recovery: independently regulated processes highlighting the importance of protein turnover dynamics and translational regulation in Medicago truncatula. Mol Cell Proteomics 15(6):1921–1937
Mehasen,S. A. S; and N. Kh. El-Gizawy 2010. Evaluation of some maize varieties to soil moisture stress. The international Conference of Agronomy, 20-22 Sept., 2010, EL Arish: 26 – 38
Michael, A. (1978): Irrigation and Theory Practice. – Vikas Pub. House PVT LTD, New Delhi
Moose, S.P. and R.H. Mumm, 2008. Molecular plant breeding as the foundation for 21st century crop improvement. Plant Physiol. 147: 969–977
Moser, S. B.; B. Feil; S. Jampatong and P. Stamp 2006. Effects of pre-anthesis drought, nitrogen fertilizer rate, and variety on grain yield, yield components, and harvest index of tropical maize. Agric. Water Manage., 81: 41–58
Nofal, F. A; G. M. A. Mahgoub and R. I. Faisal 2005. Nitrogen use efficiency of some maize hybrids under different rates of nitrogen fertilizer. Egypt. J. Appl. Sci. 20(4): 145-147
Olsson L, H. Barbosa, S. Bhadwal, A. Cowie, K. Delusca, D. Flores-Renteria, K. Herman, E. Jobbagy, W. Kurz, D. Li, D. J. Sonwa, and L. Stringer 2019. Land Degradation: IPCC Special Report on Climate Change, Desertifcation, Land 5 Degradation, Sustainable Land Management, Food Security, and 6 Greenhouse gas fuxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems
Pandit, M. and et al. 2016. Genetic diversity assay of maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds based on morphometric traits and SSR markers. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 11(24),2118–2128, http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR (2016).
Rani, P., M. Chakraborty, and R. P. Sah, 2015. Identification and genetic estimation of nutritional parameters of QPM hybrids suitable for animal feed purpose. Range Mgmt. & Agroforestry. 36(2), 175–182
Sah, R. P., M. Chakraborty, K. Prasad, and M. Pandit. 2014. Combining ability and genetic estimates of maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) developed using drought tolerant tester. Maize Journal. 3(1&2)” 9-17.
Sah, R. P., S. Ahmed, D. R. Malaviya, and P. Saxena 2016. Identification of consistence performing dual purpose maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under semi-arid condition. Range Mgmt. & Agroforestry. 37(2), 162–166
Sicher R. C, and S.H. Kim, 2011. Advances in Maize, Essential Reviews in Experimental Biology Vol. 3, J-L PrioulC ThévenotT Molnar (Society for Experimental Biology, London), pp 373-391
Steel, R.G., and J .H.Torrie, 1960. Principle and Procedure of Statistical. McGraw-hill Book Company, Inc.new york. pp481
Thomas, G. W. 1996. Soil pH and soil acidity. methods of soil analysis. part 3. Chemical Methods. – ASA, Madison, WI, pp: 475-490
Yue, H., S. Chen, J. Bu, J. Wei, H. Peng, Y. Li, C. Li and J. Xie 2018. Response of Main Maize Varieties to Water Stress and Comprehensive Evaluation in Hebei Province. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 108 042002. DOI :10.1088/1755-1315/108/4/042002
Zamir, M.S.I., M. Aslam, and H.M.R. Javeed, 2015. Influence of Potassium Levels on the Phenology of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Grown under Drought Stress. Life, 13, 110-116
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
2.jpg)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-5906 2.jpg)
