EFFECT OF THE CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY LAYER ON RADIOSONDE FLIGHT PATH OVER BAGHDAD AIRPORT STATION (CASE STUDY)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1861Keywords:
Win9000, GPS, convection, nonconventional conditions, ECMWF.Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate effect of the convection conditions resulted from surface heating at different weather condition on movement track of radiosonde. Data used in this study divided to surface local weather from Baghdad airport station and reanalysis weather surface data from European center medium weather forecast (ECMWF) that contain also advance parameter parameters such as sensible heat flux and boundary layer height and other, all have large accurate spatial distribution inside and outside Baghdad province. Third type data from radiosonde used to observed atmospheric upper layer through selected days from winter season (January month) and summer season (July month) all at time 12AM. Software installed in radiosonde used to recoded wind speed, temperature and other parameter such as global position system (GPS) all plotted and represented by ArcGISpro. Results show different in the radiosone path at convection and nonconventional conditions. Convection constraint movement of radiosonde path (wind speed profiles very low don’t reach to 30m/s in upper layer, this is opposite to nonconventional case, it reach to more than 65m/s) because turbulent and random in different directions, this case is opposite to the nonconventional condition there is large free movement, where balloon reach to large and upper distance in nonconventional (Jan. cases).
References
Adeeb, H.Q., and Y.K. Al-Timimi. 2019. GIS techniques for mapping of wind speed over Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 50(6):1621-1629. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v50i6.852
Al-Hasnawi, H.M. 2009. Similarity Equations for Wind profiles in the Radix Layer: the bottom part of the Convective Mixed layer above Baghdad City.Dept. of atmospheric Sci., Coll. of Sci., Univ. Mustansiriyah. p. 94.
AL-Hassany, J. S., F.M. Hassan, B.K. Maulood, and R.N. Al-Saedy. 2021. Revision of Algal Flora (Diatoms) Checklist in Tigris River Within Baghdad City -Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 52(4):836-858 https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i4.1392
Al-Jbouri, S.Q., and Y.K. Al-Timimi. 2021. Assessment of relationship between Land surface Temperature and Normalized Different Vegetation Index Using Landsat Images in Some Regions of Diyala Governorate. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,52(4):793-801. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i4.1388
Al-Shamary, H.A. 2006. Characteristic of the Boundary layer above the Surface of Baghdad City and Measuring the Mixing Length.M.Sc. Thesis, Dept. of atmospheric Sci., Coll. of Sci., Univ. Mustansiriyah. p. 94.
Barbré Jr, R.E., J. Brenton, K.L. Burns, N. Curtis, R. Decker, L. Huddleston, F. Leahy, J. Orcutt, B. Roberts, and P. White. 2019. Analyses of Kennedy Space Center Tropospheric Doppler Radar Wind Profiler Data for Space Launch System Program Certification. Conference on the Transition of Research to Operations. No. M19-7164
Daren, L., Y. Fan, and X. Jiyao. 2004. Advances in studies of the middle and upper atmosphere and their coupling with the lower atmosphere. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 21:361–368
Hassoon, A.F. 2016. Determine Wind Frequency Distributions Through the Surface Layer of Baghdad City. Eng. Technol. J. 34
Hassoon, A.F., and N.T. Ibraheem. 2022. Effect of Urban Expansion Indices Change by (RS) on Height of Convective Radix Layer around Baghdad Airport (Iraq). Iraqi J. Sci. 2307–2319
Hewson, T. 2017. Use and verification of ECMWF products in member and co-operating states (2016). European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts
Huang, M., Z. Gao, S. Miao, and F. Chen. 2019. Sensitivity of urban boundary layer simulation to urban canopy models and PBL schemes in Beijing. Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. 131:1235–1248
Jawad, L.A., and H.A.A. Mohamed. 2020. Integrative Use of Penman-Monteith Equation with Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System Techniques to Estimate Evapotranspiration Vriances in Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,51(2):530-541 https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v51i2.979
Jawad, T.K., O.T. Al-Taai, and Y.K. Al-Timimi. 2018. Evaluation of drought in Iraq using DSI. By remote sensing. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,49(6):1132-1145. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v49i6.152
Kareem, S.A., and A.F. Hassoon. 2023. Effect of Urban Heat Island on Growth Rate of the Convective Boundary Layer Over Baghdad City. Iraqi Geol. J. 289–300
Lenschow, D.H., and P.L. Stephens. 1980. The role of thermals in the convective boundary layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 19:509–532
Liu, Z.-N., X.-Y. Yu, L.-F. Jia, Y.-S. Wang, Y.-C. Song, and H.-D. Meng. 2021. The influence of distance weight on the inverse distance weighted method for ore-grade estimation. Sci. Rep. 11:1–8
Mahal, S.H., A.M. Al-Lami, and F.K. Mashee. 2022. Assessment of the Impact of Urbanization Growth on the Climate of Baghdad Province Using Remote Sensing Techniques. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 53(5):1021-1034 https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v53i5.1616
Mahdi, B.H., K.M. Yousif, and L.M.S. Dosky. 2020. Influence of meteorological parameters on air quality and other pollutants in Duhok city, Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,51(4):1160-1172 https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v51i4.1095
Marucci, D., and M. Carpentieri. 2020. Stable and convective boundary-layer flows in an urban array. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 200:104140
Operator, and Manual. 2005. Study of surface heat inversions characteristics around Baghdad station. Sea-Air Systems Division
Raziei, T., and F. Sotoudeh. 2017. Investigation of the accuracy of the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) in forecasting observed precipitation in different climates of Iran. J. earth Sp. Phys. 43:133–147
Santoso, E. 1999. Surface fluxes and vertical profile in Radix layer. 29
Sato, K., J. Inoue, S.P. Alexander, G. McFarquhar, and A. Yamazaki. 2018.
Improved reanalysis and prediction of atmospheric fields over the Southern Ocean using campaign‐based radiosonde observations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 45:11–406
Stull, R. 2016. Practical meteorology. Univ. Br. Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada. 488–496
Yaw, L., M. Cheng, S. Min, and L. Wei. 2012. Investigation of surfactant surface tension and its correlation with temperature and concentration. 52:263–268
Zangana, L.M., B.I.W. Al-Temimi, and S.A. Aljuhaishi. 2021. Analytical study of rate volume liquid water content in low clouds over Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 52(4):783-792 https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i4.1387
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
2.jpg)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-5906 2.jpg)
